导读:刚刚结束的2014年12月四级考试中,听力第二部分(短文)的第一篇文章提到的神奇小故事,还有印象吗?一对出生仅四个月就分开的双胞胎,之后三十多年没有见面,但他们的人生轨迹却惊人的一致:都结过两次婚,第一任太太的名字是一样的等等。当真如此神奇?不如来看看专业研究人员怎么说吧。
Genes play a greater role in determining key personality traits like social skills and learning ability than the way we are brought up by our parents, researchers claimed.
研究人员表明,在决定诸如社交技能和学习能力的关键性格特征方面,与父母的养育方式相比较,基因扮演着更为重要的角色。
Researchers from Edinburgh University studied more than 800 sets of identical and non-identical twins to learn whether genetics or upbringing has a greater effect on how successful people are in life.
爱丁堡大学的研究人员以800多对同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎为对象,研究了成功的人生究竟是受遗传的影响更大还是受成长的影响更大。
Participants were asked a series of questions about how they perceive themselves and others, such as are you influenced by people with strong opinions?
受试者需要回答一系列的问题,都是关于他们如何看待自己和他人的,比如你是否会受到有强烈意见的人的影响。
Writing in the Journal of Personality, the researchers found that identical twins were twice as likely as non-identical twins to share the same personality traits, suggesting that their DNA was having the greatest impact.
正如《人格期刊》所写,研究人员发现,同卵双胞胎拥有相同性格特征的可能性是异卵双胞胎的两倍,表明他们的DNA(在决定性格特征上)起到了最重要的作用。
Genetics were most influential on peoples sense of self-control and also affected their social and learning abilities and their sense of purpose.
人们在自我控制方面、社交和学习能力方面以及使命感上,遗传是最具影响力的因素。
Prof Timothy Bates, who led the study, said: Previously, the role of family and the environment around the home often dominated peoples ideas about what affected psychological wellbeing. However, this work highlights a much more powerful influence from genetics.
带领整个研究团队的提莫斯贝提斯教授说:以前常常认为家庭角色和环境是影响人们心理健康的因素,但这次的研究表明,遗传方面的影响更为显著。
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2014年12月四级听力真题参考答案(汇总)
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