第二部分:数学基本概念
1. mode 一堆数中出现频率最高的一个或几个数 e.g. mode of 1,1,1,2,3,0,0,0,5 is 1 and 0
2. range 一堆数中最大和最小数之差 e.g. range of 1,1,2,3,5 is 5-1=4
3. mean arithmatic mean geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根
4. median 将一堆数排序之后,正中间的一个数, 或者中间两个数的平均数 e.g. median of 1,7,4,9,2,2,2,2,2,5,8 is 2 median of 1,7,4,9,2,5 is /2=6
5. standard error 一堆数中,每个数与平均数的差的绝对值之和,除以这堆数的个数 e.g. standard error of 0,2,5,7,6 is: /5=2.4
6. standard variation 一堆数中,每个数与平均数之差的平方之和,再除以n e.g. standard variation of 0,2,5,7,6 is: _ 2 2 2 2 2_ |_ ++++_|/5=6.8
7. standard deviation 就是standard variation的平方根 标准方差的公式:d^2=/n d 为标准方差
8. 三角形 余玄定理C^2=A^2+B^2-2ABCOSt t为AB两条线间的夹角
9. Y=k1X+B1,Y=k2X+B2,两线垂直的条件为K1K2=-1
10.三的倍数的特点:所有位数之和可被3整除
11. N的阶乘公式: N!=123....N 且规定0!=1 例如 8!=12345678
12. 熟悉一下根号2、3、5的值 sqrt=1.414 sqrt=1.732 sqrt=2.236 13. ...2/3 as many A as B: A=2/3B ...twice as many... A as B: A=2B
14. a if only b: b-a
15. 概率P=满足某个条件的所有可能情况数量/所有可能情况数量
性质 0=1
a1,a2为两两不相容的事件
P=P+P
a1,a2不是两两不相容的事件,分别用集合A和集合B来表示
即集合A与集合B有交集,表示为AB
集合A与集合B的并集,表示为A U B
则
P= P+P-P。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。公式2
还有就是条件概率:
考虑的是事件A已发生的条件下事件B发生的概率
定义:设A,B是两个事件,且P0,称
P=P/P
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