排列:
从N个东东中不重复取出M个并作排列,共有几种方法
P=N!/!=N..
例如从1-5中取出3个数不重复,问能组成几个三位数
P=5!/!
=5!/2!
=54321/=543=60
也可以这样想从五个数中取出三个放三个固定位置那姆第一个位置可以放五个数中任一一个,所以有5种可能选法..二.. 余下四个数中任一个,....4.....三... 3....
所以总共的排列为543=60
同理可知如果可以重复选,总共的排列是555=125
组合:
从N个东东中不重复取出M个,共有几种方法
C=P/P=N!/!/M!
C=P/P=5!/2!/3!=543/=10
可以这样理解:组合与排列的区别就在于取出的M个作不作排列-即M的全排列P =M!,
那末他们之间关系就有先做组合再作M的全排列就得到了排列所以CP=P,由此可得组合公式
性质:C=C, N )
即C=C, 5 )=C = 5!/3!/2!=10
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