Aristotle 384BC -- 322BC
Greek philosopher, scientist, physician. One of the greatest figures in the history of Western thought, Aristotle was born in Stagira, Macedonia. In 367 BC, he went to Athens, where he was associated with Platos Academy until Platos death in 347 BC. He then spent time in Asia Minor and in Mytilene . In 342 BC he was invited by Philip of Macedon to educate his son, Alexander . He returned to Athens and opened a school ; his followers were called Peripatetics, supposedly from his practice of walking up and down restlessly during his lectures. After Alexanders death , there was strong anti-Macedonian sentiment in Athens; Aristotle was accused of impiety and, perhaps with Socrates fate in mind, escaped to Chalcis in Euboea, where he died the next year.
Aristotles writings represented an enormous, encyclopedic output over virtually every field of knowledge: logic, metaphysics, ethics, politics, rhetoric, poetry, biology, zoology, physics, and psychology. The bulk of the work that survives actually consists of unpublished material in the form of lecture notes or students textbooks; but even this incomplete corpus is extraordinary for its range, originality, systematization, and sophistication.
His work exerted an enormous influence on mediaeval philosophy , Islamic philosophy , and indeed, on the entire Western intellectual and scientific tradition. The works most read today include Metaphysics, Nicomachean Ethics, Politics, Poetics, De anima and the Organon .
英语讲义【20】“义同形异”的常用词
英语讲义【74】名词分句
英语讲义【52】表达数目和数量的特别方法
英语讲义【51】合成形容词
英语讲义【48】"Let"引导的祈使句
英语讲义【17】读上看下,猜猜词义
英语讲义【46】The Number of...和A Number of...
英语讲义【10】语态:主动与被动的关系
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英语讲义【36】从后缀到派生词
英语讲义【42】“疑问词+不定式动词”结构
英语讲义【50】具副词功能的现在分词短语
英语讲义【19】容易混淆的常用词
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英语讲义【58】转化动词活灵活现
英语讲义【40】复数名词的误用
英语讲义【39】垂悬结构
英语讲义【18】特殊句子的被动语态
英语讲义【54】具副词功能的过去分词短语
英语讲义【60】具副词功能的不定式动词短语
英语讲义【22】被动语态的动词
英语讲义【44】合成动词
英语讲义【7】不定冠词a/an的用法
英语讲义【41】同族词都是一家人
英语讲义【37】几个发展迅速的词缀
英语讲义【73】片语动词
英语讲义【38】麻烦的复数名词
英语讲义【56】具副词功能的“连词+现在分词短语”
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