gre issue 153 提纲参考

　　TOPIC: ISSUE153 - Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively.

　　提纲：

　　1 保持怀疑对于科学的进步都有促进作用。

　　2 过分的怀疑产生恶劣影响，我们将处于永恒的危险之中因为我们什么都不相信。

　　3 此外，如果怀疑一切，那我们也不可能得出真正由说服力的怀疑，因此所有的怀疑都是要基于一些已有的理论，常识或者经验。

　　综上，在认同社会基本价值和科学基本理论的基础上，我们应该对告知事实保持应有的怀疑精神。

　　We often encouraged to keep a certain skepticism to everything. when we are very young, parents ask us to think why this happen towards the around things ,for example,why do birds can fly and why do people apart as woman and man. In higher schools,we have discussions during class which to spark our thought, from the beinging it is the skepticism to others opinions. Although I foundamentally agree with the notion that we should not accepting passively but raise questions, bring a skepticism to whatever we they study is not always has a positive effects.

　　In the first place,students are encouraged to keep skepticism because ask questions is the most effective way to help us think deep. When we begin to ask why this happen,whether the deduction is well-supported,or do it offense to the pramary subjects, we begin to think more profoundly about how it starts----the originality of the thing, and what the impacts about it-----the influence of it. Thus, all the thinking prespective is helpful in having a well-rounded about an issue. From the history, many telling examples in science support the notion-----a certain skepticism indeed promote the progress of science. Such as the young man who did not believe the told facts about the earth is the certer of the universive ,And finally his suspicion was supported by the emparical evidence that sun,instead of earth is in the center of the universe.the young man who famous for his skepticism is Galileo. Also,other example happened in the social science area that the traditional theory indicate that people get the aggressive character because of the hereditary factors. But is it one and the only factor that a man is showing aggressive? With the skepticism, a now-famous physicologist find the influence of the living environment which contribute to the aggressive bahavior .In short, if we passivly accepted all that we were told, we would still believe in the earth-center universe. and to some extend ,our science would never go further in a step without skepticism.

　　However, to keep a skepticism towards everything is dangerous. Consider, if we do not believe some basic rules in science as well as the foundmational facts in human history, we cannot even live, for the threating conditions would happen around the concern. Such as we do not believe the gravity is existed,then we would live in the danger----at the risk that we would out of the earth someday; or if we do not believe in the authority of law,we cannot live in the mondern society as any one can kill me without the punishment of law. As we are in fundamental schools,we told about the basic value of American as well as the basic symbols in the society, like language,words and the certain gestures,which is necessary for the communication with others. If we still keep a skepticism and do not beileve all these, then, we will loose the basic identity and a homogenous culture as a whole society.

　　Moreover,the most effecive skepticism is based on some solid and well-grounded theories. The untrust of everything makes no sence. I was major in law, and we doubt about a certain law based on the basic principles in Constitution. That is, we do beileve the justice of Consitution---- the fundamential law in a nation. It is hard to think how can we arise a queation but based on nothing----as we keep skepticiam towards everything, including the basic spirit of a nation. Then any skeptical is unfounded.

　　In sum, I agree with the speaker insofar as we should keep a certain skepticism in the taught fact, because asking queations about the appearently extensivly accepted facts helps us think more deep and profound. However, we should beileve the basic values of the society and principles of science. Without them, we would live in a forever danger and never hold a founded suspicion.