gre作文范文法律类话题详细解析:
There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws。
有两种法律:公正和不公正的。每个社会成员都有责任遵守公正的法律,但更重要的是,更应该不遵守和反抗不公正的法律。
关键词:obey just lawsdisobey and resist unjust laws
论证分析
当我们面对司法改革,提出探讨司法理念时,往往会以什么是司法的公正、 什么是法官的美德等这样的形式提出问题。这种形式的问题所问的是关于一般的公正和美德的问题。在司法的实践中,对于具体的判决,人们一般是能够评判是否公正的,而问题是评判有无共性呢?如果不存在,那么人们的评判又是以什么为标准的呢?如果存在,那它又是怎样存在的呢?存在于哪里?而依照西方哲学的观点,这种存在于我们可感知的具体事物之外的东西就是法的理念。
众所周知,亚里土多德曾说过,要实现法治必须具备两个因素:其一,所有人都服从法律;其二,被遵守的法律本身是良好的法律。 亚里土多德的说法看似全面,但在实践中可能并不有效。
比如什么是良法,比如有人对允许堕胎、 安乐死、 同性恋的法律持有尖锐不同的观点。人认为允许堕胎维护了女性的自身权利,允许安乐死和同性恋表现了对个人自由意志和愿望的尊重;有人则认为允许堕胎是不人道的,没有保护胎儿的生存权利,允许安乐死违背了人的生存主旨,允许同性恋则败坏了社会的道德风气。在这种情况下,我们应当认定谁的观念是正确的?
我们又依据什么权力和所谓的理性剥夺和否定另外一些人的观念呢?此外,人们对某一事物的好坏认识会随时间的推移而发生变化,从前认为良好的法律现在可能认为不好,这时又怎么办呢?
因此,当认为某些法律不是良好的法律时,人们便会认为自己没有服从的义务,这样便会出现不服从法律的现象。进而言之,坚持良好的法律这一概念可能会使法治处于困难的境地。
Should we obey an unjust law? According to the theory of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 18th century French political philosopher, in a democratic society the state represents the general will of the citizens, and that in obeying its laws each citizen is pursuing his own real interests. Thus, in an ideal state, laws express the general will. An individual who disagrees with a law must be failing to look at things from the moral standpoint. Rousseau is talking about an ideal state where laws express peoples general will, a will that aims at the common good. But the question is: are we living in an ideal state and do all the laws of our land express the common will of the people and should we obey all the laws even if they are unjust? Thenswer to this question can be different for different people.
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 9 When was he born》ppt课件(二)
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 5 Can you come to my party》ppt课件(一)
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 8 How was your school trip》ppt课件包(含素材)
八年级上Unit 5 Can you come to my party?The second period
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 8 How was your school trip》ppt课件
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 9 When was he born》ppt课件
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sisiter》ppt课件
新目标初二Unit 3 what are you doing for vacation
新目标八年级上Unit 2 What’s the matter
八年级上Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation
新目标八年级上Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister
新目标八年级英语上Unit 2a
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player》ppt课件(一)
新目标八年级上Unit 5 When was he born1
八年级上Unit 5 Can you come to my party Section A
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player》ppt课件(二)
新目标英语八年级上Unit 5 Can you come to my party
新目标八年级(上)Unit 3 Section A
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake》ppt课件(一)
新目标八年级上Unit 4 How do you get to school
八年级上Unit 5 Can you come to my party
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 11 Could you please clean your room》ppt课件
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sisiter》ppt课件(一)
人教新目标版英语八上《Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake》(公开课)ppt课件
初二上Unit 11 could you please clean your room 教学演示
新目标八年级上Unit 3 Section A Period 2
新目标八年级上Unit 3 Section B period 3
新目标八年级上Unit 5 When was he born2
新目标八年级上Uint3 period1
新目标英语八年级上册Unit 8 How was your school trip
| 不限 |
| 英语教案 |
| 英语课件 |
| 英语试题 |
| 不限 |
| 不限 |
| 上册 |
| 下册 |
| 不限 |