心得技巧2010年职称英语考试剖析答题词汇

　　参加职称英语考试的朋友都知道阅读理解,阅读判断及补全短文是的得分重点。能够把握好这几部分通过考试的机会就增加了一半以上。我建议大家在做这几部分的试题时可以考虑采用核心词/特征词定位的方法。

　　核心词是指出现在要求考生作出判断的句子中的主句和从句中的主语和谓语部分的词语/结构。选取这些词语/结构的时候要考虑是否这些将被选择作为答案线索的词语和结构是标志新信息的内容，如果是，则可以选取;否者就考虑句子中其他结构中标志新信息的词语/结构。例如在这篇阅读判断中有这样一道题目:

　　Why is the Native Language Learnt So Well

　　How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference?

　　Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation.

　　Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.

　　Finally, though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.

　　题目:

　　Adults knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　在句子中,Adults knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language.

　　选取核心词及新信息: 在选取直接作为线索词/结构的内容时还要注意标志原则，比如在选定的新信息内容中Adults knowledge and mental powers由于该结构词义的特点是很可能在文章中直接出现的结构，所以考虑采用Adults knowledge and mental powers作为直接答案线索。

　　另外考生还要多关注文章中的特征词 它们是指出现在要求考生作出判断的句子中表示时间，人名，地名， 组织机构名等，在文章如果出现往往很容易就会被发现的词语/结构，因为这些结构总是以特殊的形式出现在文章中：时间往往是以阿拉伯数字的形式出现;人名，地名， 组织机构名往往是以单词的首字母大写的形式出现。通过还要求考生作出判断的句子中出现的修饰词，限制词可以直接考虑作为答案线索。在利用选出的词语/结构作为答案线索时要注意在文章出现的与这些词/结构含义相近的词语/结构