The Industrial Age and Employment
The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most peoples work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from peoples homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many peoples work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In pre-industrial times, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and families to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today, and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded-a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.
1. The established work patterns may be changed with the closing of the industrial age.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
2. Universal employment has brought about economic freedom.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
3. Many people depended on the land for a living before the 17th century.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
4. Improved transport enabled people to travel longer distances to their work places.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
5. Employed women of equal qualifications are paid less than men.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
6. A large number of teenagers will quit school next year.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
7. Now is the time to handle the issue of employment in a practical manner.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
点击进入:2013年职称英语理工类阅读理解练习4答案与解析
分手后把前任从照片上P掉,这个服务可以有
体坛英语资讯:UEFA hand Ramos 2-game ban for deliberate yellow card
国际英语资讯:Jordan, UK launch mechanism to follow up on London deals
国际英语资讯:3 people injured in bomb blast in SW Pakistan
爱能化解一切辛劳
国际英语资讯:Iraqi, Palestinian presidents discuss boosting ties, supporting Palestine
国际英语资讯:Interview: Belt and Road Initiative can benefit all, Piraeus port a good example: experts
国内英语资讯:Across China: From imitation to creation, Chinese village paints new life
体坛英语资讯:Suarez, Cavani named in Uruguay squad for China Cup
民主党高层议员誓言加紧调查特朗普
国内英语资讯:Import Expo to recruit volunteers
国际英语资讯:Senate likely to get enough votes against Trumps national emergency declaration
国际英语资讯:Pakistani FM calls for dialogue, diplomatic efforts to solve Pakistan-India issues
国际英语资讯:Tunisia hosts Arab Interior Ministers Council
体坛英语资讯:Turkish Football Federation head Demiroren resigns
国际英语资讯:Egypt eyes further archaeological cooperation with China: minister
国内英语资讯:China stock market to see big capital inflow in 2019 upon MSCI weight decision, UBS says
国内英语资讯:China launches nationwide inspection on food safety at schools
国际英语资讯:Venezuela ready to repel foreign attack: official
体坛英语资讯:German veteran Nowitzki open to another season in NBA
体坛英语资讯:Norway beat China 3-1 at their 2019 Algarve Cup debut
体坛英语资讯:China remains unbeaten on 2nd day of FINA Diving World Series in Sagamihara
国际英语资讯:China vows to continue support for Lebanons military
国内英语资讯:China preparing for space station missions
国际英语资讯:UN envoy, Libyan State Council officials discuss Libyas political developments
体坛英语资讯:Real Madrid teenager Vinicius Junior named in Brazil squad
迪士尼在上海开全球首个疯狂动物城园区
国际英语资讯:Finnish PM endorses wider usage of forest despite climate study concern
国际英语资讯:News Analysis: Why does Italy now second in EU for youth unemployment
When I Face Honor 当我面对荣誉时
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |