综合类A级考试职称英语阅读理解专项的练习(3)

　　Food for Learning

　　In Eritrea, a small country in northeast Africa, approximately 80 percent of the population is illiterate. That percentage is even higher in woman. As in many developing countries, many Eritreans have traditional ideas about the role of women. They believe that women should stay home and take care of the family and should not get an education or look for a job.

　　These beliefs are one of the factors that prevent Eritriea and other developing countries from improving their economic situation. Experience in many developing countnes has shown that educated women have fewer children and have more opportunities for improving their lives and the lives of their families. In Eritrea, in fact, there is great need for improvement. It is one of the poorest countries in the world. For many Eritrean families, getting enough food is a daily problem.

　　To deal with these problems, the Eritrean government together with the World Food Program,has a new program that offers food as a reward for leaming. In primary schools, all the children receive food packages to take home to their families. However, with the new program, the girls receive more food than the boys. This way, parents are encouraged to send their daughter to school rather than keeping them at home.

　　Another govemment program that aims to educate women is Food for Training. Managed by the National Union of Eritrean Women, this program offer food rewards to women and elder girls who are willing to join the program. Because of the war with Ethiopia, many women are bringing up their families on their own. They often live in refugee camps, with no land of their own and no way to earn money. Most of these women are illiterate and have no skills to find a job. They spend most of their day looking for food and preparing it for their families.

　　The Food for Training program helps the tennagers and women change their lives. If they agree to join the program, they receive a large package of food each month. In return, the women are required to attend free literate classes for two hours every day. When Food for Training classes in two regions of Eritrea, 5000 girls and women joined in the first two months. It is especially popular with teenage girls, aged fourteen to sixteen, who have never had a chance to go to school before.

　　The organizers of Food for Traing also plans to offer other kinds of courses for women, using the same system of food rewards. In these courses, they will teach women job skills and crafts such as basket weaving. These women will not only learn to read and write. They will become aware of what is going on in their country.

　　41. According to the passage, traditional ideas about women __________.

　　A. are rejected by younger generation

　　B. help improve the economy

　　C. hinder economic development

　　D. have little impact on economic development

　　42. The Eritrean govemment is offering extra food to girls in school in order to __________.

　　A. encourage to keep girls at home

　　B. change traditional attitudes towards women

　　C. help girls feed their families

　　D. creat more jobs for Eritrean teachers

　　43. With the Food for Learning program, women get a large package of food as long as__________.

　　A. they attend free literacy classes every day

　　B. they have no land of their own

　　C. they bring up their families on their own

　　D. they live in refugee camps

　　44. The new literacy programs are an example of __________.

　　A. the work of 5,000 women and teenage girls

　　B. the problems with the aid of international organizations

　　C. local and international organizations working together

　　D. the Eritrean govemment working to keep its power

　　45. According to the passage, Food for Training will__________.

　　A. help women better their lives

　　B. encourage women to leave their country

　　C. teach women about intemational aid

　　D. allow women to spend more time at home

　　参考答案：

　　41.D[解析]问题是对妇女的传统观念是什么。从文章第一段最后一句我们知道，传统观念中妇女的作用仅限于照顾家庭，可见，她们对经济发展的影响微乎其微，所以D正确。

　　42.B[解析]问题是厄立特里亚政府给到学校上学的女孩提供更多的食物目的何在?第三段中间说到the girls receive more food than the boys. This way，parents are encouraged to send their daughter to school rather than keeping them at home显然，政府此举在于改变对妇女的传统观念。

　　43.A [解析]问题是在什么情况下妇女可以得到一大包食物。第五段第三句In retum，the women are required to attend free literate classes.即只要她们参加免费的识字课就可以领到食物，所以选A。

　　44.C [解析]问题是新扫盲项目是什么的范例，第三段第一句To deal with thes prob-lems, the Eritrean govemment together with the World Food Program, has a new program that offers food as a reward for leaming.可见，这一项目是当地政府和国际组织合作的结果。因此，选项C正确。

　　45.A[解析]问题是食物换学习项目的结果是什么。文中第五段的第一句The Food for Training program helps the tennagers and women change their lives.显然，该项目期望改善妇女的生活条件。

　　参考译文

　　学习换食品

　　在东北非洲的一个小国厄立特里亚，大约80%的的人口是文盲。妇女中文盲的比例更高。像很多发展中国家一样，许多厄立特里亚人对妇女的角色抱有传统的观点，他们认为妇女应该呆在家里照顾家庭，不应该接受教育或者外出找工作。

　　这些观念是阻止厄立特里亚及其他发展中国家改善经济条件的因素之一。许多发展中国家的经验表明，受过良好教育的妇女会少生孩子，有更多的机会来改善她们和家人的生活。事实上，在厄立特里亚，还有很多地方有待改进。厄立特里亚是世界上最贫穷的国家之一。对于许多厄立特里亚人来说，填饱肚子是他们日常面临的问题。

　　为了解决这些问题，厄立特里亚政府同世界粮食计划署一起实施一个新的项目，提供食品作为学习的奖励。在小学，所有的孩子都会领到一包食品带回家。随着新项目的实施，女孩比男孩得到更多的食物。用这种方式鼓励父母送他们的女儿去上学，而不是让她们待在家里做家务活。

　　政府的另一个旨在为妇女提供教育的项目是学习换食品计划，它由厄立特里亚全国妇女联合会管理，该项目为那些愿意加入培训的妇女和年龄稍大的姑娘们提供食物奖励。由于和埃塞俄比亚的战争，很多女人支撑着她们的家庭。她们常常住在难民营里，没有自己的土地，没有办法赚钱。这些女性大多数都是文盲，没有一技之长去找一份工作。她们大部分的时间用来寻找食物和为家人做饭。

　　学习换食品计划可以帮助青少年和女性改变自己的生活。如果她们同意加入这个项目，她们每月会领到一大包食物。作为交换，妇女被要求参加每天两小时的免费识字课。学习换食物计划在厄立特里亚的两个地区实施的前两个月，有5000名女性参加了培训。这个项目尤其受到14到16岁女孩子的欢迎，她们之前从来没有机会上学。

　　学习换食物计划还打算用同样的食物奖励的方式，为女性提供其他类型的课程。在这些课程中，他们会教妇女一些工作技能和手工艺如编篮子等。这些妇女不仅可以学习读和写，她们还会了解国家正在发生的事情。