Ulcers
Even though ulcers appear to run in families, lifestyle plays more of a role than genetic factors in causing the illness, according to a report in the April 13th Journal of Internal Medicine. In particular, smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain-releasing medicines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing an ulcer.
Overall, 61% of ulcer risk appears to be due to environmental factors, such as smoking, and the remaining 39% is due to genes according to Dr. Ismo Raiha of the University of Turky and colleagues at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Some researchers had suggested that families may spread Helicobacteria pylori, the bacteria that can cause ulcers. However, the new study suggests this is unlikely, according to the report.
Raiha and colleagues studied data from more than 13,000 pairs of twins to examine the roles of genetic and environmental factors in the origin of peptic ulcer disease, they explain. Both twins were more likely to develop an ulcer if the pair were genetically the same as compared with a pair of fraternal twins, suggesting that there must be some genetic susceptibility to ulcer development.
However, the risk was no greater in twins living together compared with twins living apart, suggesting that shared exposure to H. pylori was not to blame. Environment effects were not due to factors shared by family members, and they were related to smoking and stress in men and the use of analgesics in women, the authors wrote. The minor effects of shared environment to disease liability do not support the concept that the grouping of risk factors, such as H. pylori infection, would explain the genetic factor of peptic ulcer disease, they concluded.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is a very likely cause of ulcer in men?
A) Smoking and stress.
B) Drinking and smoking.
C) Genes and children.
D) Use of a certain medicine.
2. What factors contribute to over half the ulcers?
A) Hereditary factors.
B) Economic factors.
C) Environmental factors.
D) Genetic factors.
3. In relation to ulcers, experts study twins in order to examine
A) the roles of genetic factors.
B) the roles of environmental factors.
C) the roles of both factors.
D) the roles of brotherhood.
4. What does environmental effects in the fifth paragraph refer to?
A) A clean environment with no smoke and dust surrounding the living area.
B) Smoking and stress in men and use of pain-killing medicine in Women.
C) Factors shared by family members such as genes and the food they eat.
D) Shared exposure to H. pylori infection in the unclean environment.
5. The passage argues that
A) ulcers are related to genes.
B) ulcers are related to lifestyle.
C) ulcers appear in men and women.
D) ulcers are caused by pylori infection.
答案: ACCBB
SAT作文的评分标准
SAT作文写作不可牺牲句子的可读性
SAT写作:做好写前准备
名词化在SAT写作中的用途
SAT写作范文:Can success be disastrous?
SAT写作部分在整个考试中的重要性
SAT写作素材——生物和医学领域的重大事件
中国学生在SAT写作中的弱点
写SAT作文开头的三个部分
SAT写作要以静制动
SAT写作素材——科学发明领域的重大事件
SAT写作素材 商业
SAT写作素材——发明创造
能为SAT作文加分的词汇有哪些?
SAT作文素材 历史与战争
SAT写作技巧 重视逻辑性
SAT作文创新类和欺骗类话题写作指导
专家解读2014年5月的SAT作文题目
SAT写作2014年1月作文
SAT写作句型汇总
6类SAT写作常见问题之六 用词与文章风格不符
SAT写作学生原作与老师修改文章示例
SAT作文题目解析 利用一个人故事的不同部分来论证
SAT作文的三个常见问题
SAT写作素材——政治与政府
6类SAT写作常见问题之二 固定搭配
SAT写作中的名人名言
SAT作文评分标准解读3:词汇分
SAT作文写作误区 唯“洋例子”论
SAT作文写作成功的关键是什么
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |