Why Humans Walk On Two Legs
A team of scientists that studied chimpanzees trained to use treadmills has gathered new evidence suggesting that our earliest apelike ancestors started walking on two legs because it required less energy than getting around on all fours.
The five chimps also wore face masks used to help the researchers measure oxygen consumption. While the chimps worked out, the scientists collected metabolic and other data that allowed them to calculate which method of locomotion used less energy and why. The team gathered the same information for four adult humans walking on a treadmill.
We were prepared to find that all of the chimps used more energy walking on two legs but that finding wouldnt have been as interesting, Sockol said. What we found was much more telling. For three chimps, bipedalism3 was more expensive, but for the other two chimps, this wasnt the case. One spent about the same energy walking on two legs as on four. The other used less energy walking upright. These two chimps had different gaits and anatomy than their knucklewalking peers.
Fossil and molecular evidence suggests the earliest ancestors of the human family lived in forested areas in equatorial Africa in the late Miocene era some 8 to 10 million years ago, when changes in climate may have increased in distance between food patches. That would have forced our earliest ancestors to travel longer distances on the ground and favored those who could cover more ground using less energy.
词汇:
chimp ) calorie n. 卡,小卡
treadmill n. 踏轮;踏车;单调工作 gait n. 步态,步法
knucklewalk v. 用膝关节走路 Quadruped n. 四足动物
locomotion n. 运动
1.UC Davis :加州大学戴维斯分校。UC是University of California 的缩写,该校有多个分校,UC Davis是其中一个。Davis以前是UC Berkeley分校的农学院,后来独立出来。Davis是一个大学城,很小的城市,Davis校园基本就构成了这个城市。
3.bipedalism:系bipedal的对应名词,这里后缀-ism表示特征、特性。
1. What did Michael Sockol and his team find out in their study of chimpanzees?
B) The evidence why our apelike ancestors came to walk on four legs.
D) The evidence why chimpanzees can be trained to walk on two legs.
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(A-2b)mp3朗读
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 3《It must belong to Carla》(SectionA 1a-2d)ppt课件
2015秋北师大版英语七上Unit 3《Lesson 8 WhoseBall Is This》ppt课件2
2015秋北师大版英语七上Unit 1《Lesson 2 What Do They Look Like》ppt课件2
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(第一课时)ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(第四课时)ppt课件
2015秋北师大版英语七上Unit 2《Lesson 4 School Things》ppt课件
2015秋北师大版英语七上Unit 4《Lesson 12 China’s Got Talent》ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(SectionB 3a-Self Check)ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 3《It must belong to Carla》(Grammar)ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(第三课时)ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 3《It must belong to Carla》(SectionA 3a-3c)ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(A-2a)mp3朗读
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 2《Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes》(Self Check)ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 2《Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes》(SectionA)ppt课件
2015秋北师大版英语七上Unit 4《Lesson 10 My Interests》ppt课件
2015秋北师大版英语七上Unit 2《Lesson 5 Before Class》ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(B-1d)mp3朗读
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(B-1c)mp3朗读
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(第五课时)ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(A-3a)mp3朗读
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(B-2b)mp3朗读
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(SectionB 1a-2e)ppt课件
2015秋北师大版英语七上Get Ready《A You》ppt课件
2015秋北师大版英语七上Get Ready《D Your Classroom》ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(第六课时)ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 2《Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes》(SectionB)ppt课件
2015秋鲁教版英语九年Unit 1《When was it invented》(第二课时)ppt课件
2015秋北师大版英语七上Unit 4《Communication Workshop》ppt课件
2015秋北师大版英语七上Unit 1《Lesson 1 Photos of Us》ppt课件
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |