职称英语考试综合类2015年阅读理解例题精解(1)

　　Light Night，Dark Stars

　　1. Thousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky.On a clear night， with no clouds, moonlight，or artificial lights to block the view，people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky，says Dennis Ward，an astronomer with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Researchin Boulder，Colo.But when people are surrounded by city lights.he says，theyre lucky to see 150 stars.

　　2. If youve ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance, youve witnessed light pollution.It occurs when light from streetlights，office buildings，signs，and other sources streams into space and illuminates the night sky.This haze of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth.Even at night，big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult。

　　3. Dust and particles of pollution from factories and industries worsen the effects ot light pollution.If one city has a lot more light pollution than another，Ward says，that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale.

　　4. Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.

　　5. Cities are getting larger.Suburbs are growing in once dark，rural areas.Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring tile faint light given off by distant stars.And if scientists cant locate these objects，they cant learn more about them.

　　6. Light pollution doesnt only affect star visibility.It can harm wildlife too.Its clear that artificial light call attract animals，making them go off course.Theres increasing evidence.For example, that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaus Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina.When light occurs at night, he says, it has a very disruptive influence.Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers，high rises，and cables from radio and televisioll towers.Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.

　　1. When can people see 14000 stars?

　　A When they have a fairly good telescope.

　　B When they are in a large city.

　　C When the night sky is clear of clouds，moonlight and artificial lights.

　　D When the night sky is without haze and fog.

　　2.Which of the following statements is NOT related to light pollution?

　　A A haze of light formed from artificial lights such as streetlights and building lights.

　　B Lights from different sources in the city stream into space and illuminate the night sky.

　　C The night sky is illuminated by the lights from big glowing cities in the night.

　　D Stargazing becomes difficult because there is a layer of haze in the air.

　　3.Does the writer think growing cities affect astronomerswork?Why does he think so?

　　A Yes.Because the once dark rural areas are polluted by lights.

　　B No.Because they can still see stars in rural areas.

　　C.Yes.Because rural areas are not a good place for astronomers to study stars。

　　D. No. Because faint light given off by stars call still be seen on a clear night

　　4. How does light pollutiotl affect wildlife? Which of the following is NOT correct?

　　A . Animals may go off course due to the attraction of artificial lights.

　　B . Animals might be attracted by artificial lights to go into cities.

　　C. Artificial lights at night may make migrating birds lose their way.

　　D Attracted by artificial lights，birds fly into lighted buildings.

　　5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the titleLight Night，Dark Stars?

　　A. The night sky is light colored and stars are black.

　　B. Lights appear at night and stars are seen in the dark.

　　C. Cities lights illunfinate the night sky and make stars invisible.

　　D City lights at night illuminate stars in the sky.

　　先理解标题，推测文章内容：Light Night，Dark Stars。没有生词，明亮的夜晚，昏暗的星空。只是看题目，还不易推测出文章的主要内容，因此，要快速浏览全文，看能否找到出现频率较高的词或短语，它们有可能就是文章的核心!大家看到了我用黑线标出了出现频率最多的短语：light pollution.所以可以推测文章的内容和光污染有关。

　　接下来判断所给5题的题型，我们发现1至4都是细节题，因此只需要找到关键词逐一回答即可。而第5题是主旨题，而且是最后一题，所以要等文章读完后最后做。

　　1. When can people see 14000 stars?

　　A When they have a fairly good telescope当他们有一个非常不错的望远镜.

　　B When they are in a large city当他们在大城市时.

　　C When the night sky is clear of clouds，moonlight and artificial lights当夜空中没有云、月光和人造灯光时.

　　D When the night sky is without haze and fog当夜空没有阴霾和大雾时.

　　分析：关键词很容易找14000 stars，在第一段出现了该词：

　　Thousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky.On a clear night， with no clouds, moonlight，or artificial lights to block the view，people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky，says Dennis Ward，an astronomer with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Researchin Boulder，Colo.But when people are surrounded by city lights.he says，theyre lucky to see 150 stars.

　　补充：请注意短语：be clear of sth: 无阻碍、障碍、危险

　　如：Wait until the road is clear of traffic before crossing.

　　2.Which of the following statements is NOT related to light pollution?

　　A A haze of light is formed from artificial lights such as streetlights and building lights.

　　B Lights from different sources in the city stream into space and illuminate the night sky来自于不同来源的光进入太空并照亮了夜空.

　　C The night sky is illuminated by the lights from big glowing cities in the night夜空由晚上大城市发出的光照亮.

　　D Stargazing becomes difficult because there is a layer of haze in the air由于空气中有一层霾，所以观望星星变得困难.

　　分析：本题的关键词是light pollution,而且按照题目的题号应该在文章的前面，所以从第二段找找看：

　　If youve ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance, youve witnessed light pollution.It occurs when light from streetlights，office buildings，signs，and other sources streams into space and illuminates the night sky.This haze of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth.Even at night，big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazingdifficult所以，D的表述同光污染没有关联。

　　3.Does the writer think growing cities affect astronomers work?Why does he think so?

　　A Yes.Because the once dark rural areas are polluted by lights因为曾经黑暗的乡村地区被光污染了.

　　B No.Because they Call still see stars in rural areas.

　　C.Yes.Because rural areas are not a good place for astronomers to study stars因为乡村地区不是一个好的研究星星的地方。

　　D. No. Because faint light given off by stars call still be seen on a clear night

　　分析：题目是说：不断扩大的城市会影响天文学家的工作吗?为什么他会这样认为?

　　在A答案中我们可以看到线索词：polluted 和lights.所以，根据阅读的规律，只要和线索词有关的答案，多半就是最终答案。如果大家想检查答案是否正确的话，也可以带着关键词astronomers 去找答案：

　　Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.

　　通过对句子的分析，排除答案B，D.留下A，C.在接下来的段落中可以对答案加以判断：

　　Cities are getting larger.Suburbs are growing in once dark，rural areas.Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring the faint light given off by distant stars.And if scientists cant locate these objects，they cant learn more about them.

　　总结：做阅读理解时大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心词，只要被选项中有核心内容的出现就可以推测为正确答案!

　　4. How does light pollution affect wildlife? Which of the following is NOT correct?

　　A . Animals may go off course due to the attraction of artificial lights

　　由于受到人造光的吸引，动物们可能偏离航向.

　　B . Animals might be attracted by artificial lights to go into cities.

　　动物们可能会受到人造光的吸引而进入城市

　　C. Artificial lights at night may make migrating birds lose their way.

　　夜间的人造光可能会使迁徙的鸟类们迷路

　　D Attracted by artificial lights，birds fly into lighted buildings.

　　由于受到人造光的吸引，鸟类飞进有光的建筑物里。

　　分析：题目是说：光污染是如何影响野生动物?下列哪个说法不正确?

　　关键词就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到内容：

　　Light pollution doesnt only affect star visibility.It can harm wildlife too.Its clear that artificial light call attract animals，making them go off course.Theres increasing evidence.For example, that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaus Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina.When light occurs at night, he says, it has a very disruptive influence.Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers，high rises，and cables from radio and televisioll towers.Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.

　　所以，答案B并未提到。

　　5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the titleLight Night，Dark Stars?

　　A. The night sky is light colored and stars are black夜空是浅色的而星星是黑色的.

　　B. Lights appear at night and stars are seen in the dark

　　光显现在夜晚而在黑暗中人们看见星星.

　　C. Cities lights illunfinate the night sky and make stars invisible

　　城市的灯光照亮了夜空而使得星星已经无法看见.

　　D City lights at night illuminate stars in the sky.

　　夜晚的城市的灯光照亮了天空中的星星。

　　分析：本题是唯一的一道主旨题，所以需要纵观全文。通过我们对前4题的解答，完全可以判断出文章的主题就是说：由于不断扩大的城市，越来越多的城市灯光，已经成为一种污染，使得天空中的星星黯然失色，所以答案就是C。