2014年职称英语卫生类阅读理解新增文章(6)

　　第十二篇 Skin Cancer Now Top Cancer among Young Women in UK

　　Melanoma, the deadliest kind of skin cancer, is now the most common cancer in young 1 women, the countrys leading cancer organization said Wednesday. Skin cancer has 2 cervical cancer as the top cancer striking women in their 20s, according to the latest data from Cancer Research United Kingdom.

　　The trend is particularly 3 since younger people are not generally those most susceptible to melanoma. Rates of skin cancer are 4 highest in people over age 75.

　　But experts worry that increasing numbers of younger people being diagnosed with skin cancer could be the 5 of a dangerous trend. Women 6 their 20s make up a small percentage of all patients diagnosed with melanoma in 12 Britain, but nearly a third of all eases occur in people younger than 50.

　　Based on current numbers, Cancer Research UK predicts that melanoma will become the fourth most common cancer for men and women of all 7 by 2024, and that eases will jump from about 9,000 cases a year to more than 15,500.

　　Cancer experts 8 the rising number of skin cancer cases largely to the surge in people using tanning salons. Spending time on sunbeds1 is just 9 dangerous as staying out too long in the sun, said Caroline Cerny of Cancer Research UK. The organization is starting a SunSmart campaign to warn Britons of the 10 of being too bronzed.

　　The intensity of UV rays2 in some sunbeds can be more than 10 times 11 than the midday sun, Cerny said.

　　In the United States, several states require parental approval 12 minors can use tanning salons. Wisconsin bans people 16 and 13 from using tanning beds, and others ban children under 14. At least 29 states have regulations governing minors use of tanning salons.

　　In the U.K., Scottish politicians passed legislation banning those under 18 from using tanning beds, though it hasnt yet been implemented. There are no plans for 14 in the rest of the U.K.

　　The World Health Organization has previously recommended that tanning beds be regulated because of their potential to damage DNA3 in the skin.

　　Experts said most deadly skin cancers could be 15 if people took the proper precautions when in the sun and avoided tanning beds.

　　词汇

　　melanoma n. 黑素瘤

　　cervical adj. 子宫颈的tan v. 使变褐色

　　susceptible adj.易患 precaution n. 预防措施

　　注释

　　1. sunbeds: 日光浴浴床

　　2. UV rays: 紫外线

　　3. DNA: 脱氧核糖核酸

　　练习

　　1. A American B British C world D black

　　2. A overtaken B overlooked C oversee D overwhelmed

　　3. A satisfying B encouraging C relaxing D worrying

　　4. A typically B strangely C occasionally D hopefully

　　5. A end B start C turn D line

　　6. A at B on C of D in

　　7. A kinds B ages C colors D sizes

　　8. A assign B attribute C contribute D allocate

　　9. A more B so C as D like

　　10.A points B benefits C steps D dangers

　　11. A stronger B nicer C darker D deeper

　　12. A before B after C until D while

　　13. A below B low C under D beneath

　　14. A warning B legislation C approval D debate

　　15. A predicted B treated C avoided D diagnosed

　　答案与题解

　　1. B 从文章的题目中得知，英国年轻女性癌症发病人数最多的是皮肤癌。

　　2. A 20 来岁的女性过去罹患子宫颈癌的人数最多，而现在皮肤癌却超过了子宫颈癌。

　　3. D 这一趋势尤其令人担心是因为通常年轻人是最不易患黑素瘤的人群。

　　4. A 从上下文得知，通常皮肤癌高发人群应为75 岁以上的老人。

　　5. B 从上下文得知，专家们担心越来越多的年轻女子被诊断患有皮肤癌可能是一种危险趋势的开始。

　　6. D 表示年龄在20 多岁英语里用in ones 20s。

　　7. B 前面一直在谈年龄与皮肤癌的关系，因此此处应选年龄。

　　8. B 表示把归结于英语里用attributeto。

　　9. C 表示与同样危险呢英语里用as dangerous as。

　　10. D 该项活动的目的是要警告英国人小心晒得过褐的危险。

　　11. A 有些日光浴浴床的紫外线强度是正午太阳紫外线强度的10 倍还多。

　　12. A 在美国，只有苏格兰已经通过立法禁止18 岁以下的人使用日光浴浴床，而在其他地区则还没有这种立法计划。

　　13. C 从上下文可知，如果人们在太阳光下采取适当的预防措施并避开使用日光浴浴床，那么最致命的皮肤癌是可以避免的。