2015年职称英语卫生类教材学习部分内容及解析
Better Control of TB seen if a faster cure is found
The World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their ____1____. Two million people die ____2____ it. The disease has ____3____ with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.
Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to ____4____ a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop ____5____ they feel better. Doing that can ____6____ to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how ____7____ it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients ____8____. It would also mean ____9____ infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.
The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They ____10____ the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might ____11____ about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these ____12____ would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.
The World Health Organization ____13____ the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make ____14____ they continue treatment.
Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research ____15____ new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.
词汇:
cure n. 疗法,治疗;良药
bacterium n. 细菌
tuberculosis n. 结核(病)
inactive adj. 不活跃的,非活动性的
antibiotic adj. 抗生的 n. 抗生素
infectious adj. 传染性的
infection n. 传染,感染;传染病
mathematical adj. 数学(上)的
partnership n. 合作,合伙;合作伙伴,合伙人
alliance n. 同盟,联盟
注释:
1. World Health Organization :世界卫生组织
2. Harvard University :(美国)哈佛大学
3. DOTS :短期直接观察治疗
4. Global Alliance for TB Drug Development:全球结核病药物开发联盟
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