职称英语卫生类考试考前每日一练(16)

　　职称英语卫生类考试考前每日一练

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

　　Disease, Diagnosis Treatment and Prevention

　　Disease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on all its required functions. There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and in its effect on the person.

　　In order to treat a disease, the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illness- that is, make a diagnosis. A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put together. The doctor must know the symptoms, which are the changes in body function felt by the patient; and the signswhich the doctor himself can observe. Sometimes a characteristic group of signs accompanies a given disease. Such a group is called a syndrome. Frequent- ly certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated by the physicians in making his diagnosis.

　　Although nurses do not diagnose, they play an extremely valuable role in this process by ob-serving closely for signs, encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his symptoms, and then reporting this information to the doctor. Once the patients disorder is known, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment, also referred as therapy . Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physicians orders.

　　In recent years physicians, nurses and other health workers have taken increasing responsi- bilities in prevention. Throughout most of medical history, the physicians aim has been to cure a patient of an existing disease. However, the modem concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happens to keep people well through the promotion of health. A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the World Health Organization on an international level down to local private and community health programs. A rapidly growing re- sponsibility of the nursing treatment profession is educating individual patients toward the mainte- nance of total health physical and mental.

　　16. Disease refers to the condition in which one or two parts of the body fail to func- tion properly.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　17. A syndrome refers to a complex of signs and/or symptoms typical of a specific disease.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　18. The diagnostic aids are indispensable in any case for a physician to diagnose a disease.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　19. Because nurses can observe patients closely, they have the authority to deal with any critical condition happening to patients.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　20. Modern medicine attaches much more importance to disease prevention than tradi-tional medicine.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　21. An effective system of disease prevention and treatment has been established in every country,all over the world.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　22. Generally speaking, the physician is more willing to treat patients physical dis-ease than their mental illness.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　参考译文

　　疾病、诊断、治疗与预防

　　疾病是指身体的某个部位或全身各个部位、器官不能正常调节或不能维持必要功能的状态。生病的程度及其对人体的影响存在明显的差异。

　　为了治疗疾病，医生当然要首先给疾病定性，即诊断。诊断是综合一系列的症状而得出的结论。医生必须了解症状，即病人所感受到的自身功能的变化;通过医生自己的观察，了解病人的体征。。有时一组典型的体征或症状伴随着某一疾病，这样的一组体征或症状就称为综合症。医生在做出诊断时经常都要做某些实验检查，并对检查结果进行判断。

　　尽管护士不负责诊断，但是她会密切观察病人体征、鼓励病人介绍自身情况及症状，然后将所得信息报告给医生，在整个过程中护士起着极其重要的作用。一旦病人的病情被掌握了，医生就制定治疗方案，也被称之为疗法。这个治疗方案的多项措施都是由护士在医生的指导下执行的。

　　近些年来，广大的医生、护士及其他保健工作者在预防疾病方面承担着越来越多的责任。从医学形成到现在的大部分时间里，医生都是给病人治疗已经患上的疾病。不过现代预防理论却寻求防止疾病于未然，即通过促进健康使人们不得病。基于这个目标，从国际级的世界卫生组织到地区性的私立和社区医疗机构都建立起来了。护理专业迅速兴起的一种职责就是教育每个病人保持全面的健康，即身体和心理双健康。