职称英语等级考试各重点语法考点解析3

　　职称英语等级考试各重点语法考点解析3

　　作表语:

　　Her job is to clean the hall.

　　He appears to have caught a cold.

　　作宾语:

　　常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如:

　　Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如: I have no choice but to stay here.

　　He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.

　　动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如: He gave us some advice on how to learn English.

　　作宾语补足语: 在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.

　　此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如: With a lot of work to do, he didnt go to the cinema.

　　有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如: I saw him cross the road. /He was seen to cross the road.

　　作定语:

　　动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后.与所修饰名词有如下关系:

　　①动宾关系:

　　I have a meeting to attend.

　　注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如:

　　He found a good house to live in.

　　The child has nothing to worry about.

　　如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词:

　　He has no place to live.