职称英语综合类考试考前每日一练(18)

　　职称英语综合类考试考前每日一练

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把、C涂黑。

　　Why is the Native Language Learnt So Well?

　　How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well7 When we

　　compare them with adults learning a foreign language，we often find this interesting fact.A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language.A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers，in most cases，may end up with a faulty and inexact command.What accounts for this difference?

　　Despite other explanations the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself，partly in the behavior of the people around him.In the first place，the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all，namely the first years of life.A child hears it spoken from morning till night and，what is more important，always in its genuine form，With the right pronunciation，fight intonation，right use of words and right structure.He drinks in all the words arid expressions which come to him in a fresh，ever-bubbling spring.There is no resistance：there is perfect assimilation.

　　Then the child has，as it were，private lessons all the year round，while an adult language-student has each week a、limited number of hours which they generally share with others.The child has another advantage：he hears the language in all possible situations。 always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions.Here there is nothing unnatural，such as is often found in language lessons in schools，when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorchingheat in January.And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful his desires are understood and fulfilled.

　　Finally though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.

　　16. Compared with adults learning a foreign language, children learn their native language with ease.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　17. Adults knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　18. The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning,

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　19. Plenty of practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures childrens success of learning their mother tongue.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　20. A child learning his native language has the advantage of-having private lessons allthe year round.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　21. Gestures and facial expressions may assist a child in mastering his native language.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　22. So far as language teaching is concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　参考译文

　　为什么母语就能学得好?

　　儿童总能学好母语，这是怎么回事呢?当我们拿儿童学母语和成年人学外语做比较时，我们常会发现这样一个有趣的事实：一个毫无知识和经验的孩子常会顺利地掌握母语，而智力高度发展的成年人却在多数情况下无法掌握准确、地道的语言。造成这种差异的原因是什么呢?

　　尽管有人提出了其他一些解释，但我认为，真正的原因部分在于孩子自身，部分在于孩子周围人们的行为。首先，他们学习母语的时间是人学习语言的最佳阶段，即人出生后的头几年。儿童从早到晚都会昕到周围的人说这种语言。更重要的是，这是种真实的语言环境，他身边说这种语言的人使用的总是正确的语音、语调，用词恰当且语法结构无误。孩子尽情地学习着鲜活的词汇和表达方法，就仿佛是在畅饮喷涌而出的新鲜泉水，毫无疑虑地全盘吸收。

　　儿童学母语就好像是一年到头都在上单独辅导课，而学语言的成年学生则不得不每周与别人分享有限的几个小时。儿童还具有另一个优越的条件：他有机会在各种可能的场合中听这种语言，而且还总伴随着各种正确的手势和面部表情，其中没有任何不自然的东西。然而，不自然的情况在学校的语言教学课上却经常可以看到：有人可能会在6月份谈论冰天雪地或在1月份讨论太阳的灼热，而儿童听到的通常是能马上使他产生兴趣的事。而且，当他说话的尝试获得成功时，他的愿望总是会得到大人的理解和满足。

　　最后，尽管孩子的老师们也许并没有接受过语言教学的训练，但他们与孩子的关系总是很亲近的，他们会竭尽全力使自己的语言课更易于被孩子们接受。