职称英语卫生类考试考前每日一练(17)

　　职称英语卫生类考试考前每日一练

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　　阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　New Technique Promises Earlier Cancer Detection

　　A new technique could revolutionize the early detection of cancer, giving sufferers a greater chance of beating the disease, American scientists said. Researchers at the Massa-chusetts Institute of Technology have devised a novel method of 51 changes in the nucle-us of cells in the earliest states of the disease. More than 85 percent of all cancers origi-nate in the epithelium that lines the internal surfaces of organs 52 the body. Al-though these are treatable 53 they are diagnosed in one of the preventable stages, early body damages are almost 54 to detect, said scientist Feld. We present a new optical-probe technique based on light-scattering spectroscopy that is a-ble 55 detect pre-cancerous and early cancerous cells in cell-rich epithelia, he added in a statement.

　　The new technique relies on the fact 56 cell nuclei change in the early stages of can-cer and the differences scatter light in a characteristic way. Until now the changes were only de-tectable 57 a biopsy was taken, the scientists said. The new technique, 58 in the Sd-ence journal Nature , can be used in conjunction with a routine cancer screening and surveil-lance technique which uses an endoscope a flexible optical probe 59 with cam-eras which is inserted into a cavityin the bodyto check 60 cancers.

　　The scientists said they 61 their new technique in four different organs during rou-tine endoscopic cancer screening. The tip of the optical probe was brought into contact with the tissue to be tested and the scattering of light was recorded without the need for any tissue to be 62 , the scientists said. Our results show that light-scattering spectros-copy has the potential to detect pre-cancerous body damages and pre-invasive cancers throughout the body. This technique should 63 improve the efficiency of cancer screening and surveillance, the scientists said. Cancer is one of the biggest 64 in industrialized countries. 65 to figures from the World Health Organization, 10 million people were di-agnosed with the disease worldwide in 1997 and six million died.

　　51. A. stopping B. accelerating C. delaying D. detecting

　　52. A. with B. without C. throughout D. for

　　53. A, unless B. if C. whether D. whereas

　　54. A. capable B. possible C. impossible D. responsible

　　55. A. to B. at C. of D. for

　　56. A. when B. how C. why D. that

　　57. A. before B. after C. although D. near

　　58..A. described B. directed C. planned D. determined

　　59. A. contracted B. issued C. equipped D. coping

　　60. A. against B, with C. like D. for

　　61. A. had to test B. had tested C. have tested D. have been testing

　　62. A. covered B. found C. removed D. pressed

　　63. A. significantly B. doubtfully C. hardly D. severely

　　64. A. sufferers B. gainers C. losers D. killers

　　65. A. As B. According C. Running D. Responding

　　参考译文

　　新技术确保癌症的早期诊断

　　美国科学家说，一种新技术能够使癌症的早期诊断发生根本性的变化，能够给患者更多机会战胜疾病。麻省理工学院的研究者们发明了一种崭新的方法用于检测癌症最初期细胞核中的变化。百分之八十五以上的癌症起源于上皮，全身器官的内表面都被上皮所覆盖。如果在可预防阶段就得到诊断的话，这些癌症是可以治疗的，尽管如此，早期的身体损害却几乎不可能检测得出。科学家费尔德说。在一次声明中他补充说：我们提出一种基于分光镜检查的新光学探子技术，这种新技术能够在多细胞的上皮中检测出癌变前的细胞和早期癌症细胞。

　　这项新技术的根据是：癌症早期细胞核会发生变化，而变化所产生的差异会使光线以一种特殊的方式散射。科学家们说，迄今为止，只有经过活检之后才能检测出这些变化。根据科学刊物《自然》中的描述，这种新技术可以与常规的癌症检查和监测技术结合使用，常规技术是使用内窥镜一种灵活的光学探子，上面装有摄像头，能插入体内的空腔来监测癌症的。

　　科学家们表示，在常规内窥镜癌症检测过程中，他们已经在四种不同的器官上试验过这种新技术了。科学家们说，使光学探子的顶端和待检验的组织相接触，并记录下光的散射，无需切除任何组织。他们说：我们的结果表明，分光镜检查有潜力用于检测癌症前期身体的损伤和全身尚未扩散的癌细胞。这种新技术将大大提高癌症检查和监测的有效性。工业化国家，癌症是最大的杀手之一。根据世界卫生组织的数字，1997年全世界有1000万人被诊断患有癌症，600万人死于癌症