职称英语综合类考试考前每日一练(28)

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有两项测试任务：第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　Architecture

　　Architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word. The best buildings are often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history, of cultures. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art.

　　The renaissance brought about an entirely new age not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well. In architecture, the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted, They remain dominant until the 20th century. Many kinds of stone are used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and can be expected to endure. Stone architecture was often blended with stone sculpture. The use of stone has declined now, because a number of other materials are more adaptable to industrial use. The complexity of modern life calls for a variety of buildings. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they spend their income in large shopping centers, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they are sick they go to specialized hospitals and clinics. All these different types of buildings accumulate experiences needed by their designers. By the middle of the 20th century, modern architecture, which was influenced by new technology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social needs. Important characteristics of modern architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete. Advances in elevator technology, air conditioning, and electric lighting have all bad important effects.

　　23, Paragraph 2

　　24. Paragraph 3

　　25. Paragraph 4

　　26. Paragraph 5

　　A. Building materials

　　B. Need of greater building varieties in modern life

　　C. Restoration of ancient Civilizations

　　D. Evolution in style

　　E. Factors affecting modern architecture F. A social art

　　27. Some buildings are so well constructed that they are not only useful_____

　　28. Ancient Greek and Roman architectural styles, which were restored during renaissance, were still influential_____

　　29. Because modern life becomes more complex, people have to put up many different kinds of buildings_____

　　30. The use of new building materials and the introduction of such new technologies as the elevator and the air-conditioner have played an important role_____

　　A. to meet their needs

　　B. but also beautiful to look at

　　C. in the development of modern architecture

　　D. to design more buildings

　　E. even in the 20 th century

　　F. to outlast their original use

　　参考译文

　　建筑学

　　建筑艺术对于建筑物来说，就像文学对于印刷文字那样重要。最杰出的建筑物是如此成功，以至于它们的存在常常超出了原先设计时的使用年限。它们不仅作为美好的事物被保留下来，而且也成为一种文化历史的记载。这些建筑成就从来不是某一个人的个人作品。建筑是一门社会艺术。

　　文艺复兴曾带来一个完全崭新的时代。这个意义不仅体现在哲学和文学上，而且体现在视觉艺术上。在建筑学方面，古希腊和古罗马建筑的风格和规则被重新赋予了生命力并被给予新的诠释。直到20世纪，它们都保持着主流地位。

　　各种各样的石料被用来当作建筑材料。石料和大理石被选用建造重要的纪念碑，因为它们是烧不坏的，人们期望它们可以永恒。这些建筑还经常混合以石刻。如今，对于石头的使用已经渐渐衰落，因为许多其他的材料更适合于工业用途。

　　现代生活的复杂性要求有各种各样的建筑。更多的人住大房子，在大办公楼里工作。他们在大型购物中心消费，把子女送到各式各样的学校学习，当他们得病的时候，他们去专门的医院和诊所。所有这些不同类型的建筑物都为建筑设计师们积累了他们所需的经验。 到了20世纪中期，受新技术和大规模生产的影响，现代建筑学也要应对日益复杂的多种社会需求。现代建筑作品的重要特点就是大规模地使用玻璃和钢筋混凝土。电梯、空调、灯光等技术的进步也对现代建筑产生了重要的影响