新概念英语第一册第2版28-01

Lesson 83 Going on holiday 度假

mess n. 杂乱，凌乱

pack v. 包装，打包，装箱

suitcase n. 手提箱

leave v. 离开

already adv. 已经

语法

现在完成时：

1 表示在过去不确定的时间里发生的并与现在有关某种联系的动作

2 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作

过去时强调过去某个特定的时间发生的动作或存在的状态

现在完成时表示过去不确定的时间里发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，这个动作也许到现在结束，也许还要继续下去。

主语 + has/have + 动词的过去分词

否定形式：hasn't/haven't

疑问形式：把 has/have 提前

PP. 过去分词

过去分词的规则形式与过去时是一样的。

buy bought bought

find found found

get got got

have had had

hear heard heard

leave left left

lose lost lost

make made made

meet met met

send sent sent

sweep swept swept

tell told told

cut cut cut

put put put

read read read

set set set

shut shut shut

do did done

come came come

give gave given

swim swam swum

take took taken

eat ate eaten

go went gone

rise rose risen

see saw seen

speak spoke spoken

I see a film every week.

My mother sees a film every week.

I saw a film last week.

I have seen the film.

I haven't seen the film.

Have you seen the film?

do did done

I do my homework every day.

My sister does her homework every day.

I did my homework the day before yesterday.

I have done my homework.

I haven't done my homework.

Have you done your homework?

Has she done her homework?

have had had

have lunch

I have lunch at 12 o'clock every day.

I had lunch at 12 o'clock yesterday.

I have had lunch.

I haven't had lunch.

Have you had lunch?

已经

强调过去不确定时间发生的动作或状态对现在的影响，而且也有可能继续下去。

He is a good student.

He was a good student.

He has (always) been a good student.

主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词

pack/packed/packed/packing

suitcase

pack our suitcases

What are you going to do?

We are going to pack out suitcases.

What are you doing?

We are packing out suitcases?

What did you do yesterday?

We packed our suitcases yesterday?

What have you done?

What did you do?

What have they done?

What has you mother done?

What have the students done?

What have you done?

We have packed our suitcases.

What has she done?

She has packed her suitcases.

already 已经/yet 还/just 刚刚/recently 最近/so far 到目前为止

already 一般用于肯定句，而在表示惊讶语气时也用于疑问句中。

yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句中

sell sold sold

I'm going to sell my house.