4．合： 主要是用来小结上文的或是用作结尾段: accordingly于是，因此，as has been noted (above) 如前所述的，as has been mentioned, as has been talked of,at last, finally, lastly, at length, briefly简而言之，
in brief, in short, in a word, in conclusion, in sum, in summary, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude, on the whole 总起说来 no doubt 毫无疑问， undoubtedly, truly, certainly, positively, surely, obviously,
Topic 主题
1. 可以使用谚语作为topic
as the saying goes; as proverb goes
2. 定义法
What is advertisement, it is the words or pictures on a media to promote product / the sale of product.
作业：illustrate your opinion about advertisements on media.
3. 可以使用提问法:Lesson 7
illustrate your opinion about friendship
Do you have a good / large circle of friends?
4. 概括法：出现在开头段的首句或末句。
I quite agree with this idea.
5. 间接开头法：先叙述别人的观点，然后引出自己的真实看法。
Eg: People often say that money can buy all the things, but I think it is not true.