[al:新概念英语（四）] [ar:MP3 同步字幕版（美音）] [ti:Banks and Their Customers] [by:更多学习内容，请到yingyu.chazidian.com搜索“新概念”] [00:00.43]Lesson 12 [00:02.26]Banks and their customers [00:07.92]Why is there no risk to the customer when a bank prints the customer's name on his cheques? [00:15.50]When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, [00:20.69]repayment of which he may demand at any time either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person. [00:29.28]Primarily, the banker-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor-- [00:35.26]who is which depending on whether the customer's account is in credit or is overdrawn. [00:40.53]But, in addition to that basically simple concept, [00:43.76]the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another. [00:49.72]Many of these obligations can give rise to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, [00:58.87]cannot complain that the law is loaded against him. [01:02.59]The bank must obey its customer's instructions, and not those of anyone else. [01:07.79]When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in respect of cheques drawn by himself. [01:17.88]He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule [01:22.82]that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer's money on a cheque [01:27.94]on which its customer's signature has been forged. [01:31.90]It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skillful one: [01:36.48]the bank must recognize its customer's signature. [01:40.24]For this reason there is no risk to the customer in the practice, adopted by banks, of printing the customer's name on his cheques. [01:49.00]If this facilitates forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.