[by:英语听力网|http://yingyu.chazidian.com||查字典英语网] [00:00.00]喜欢chazidian.com，就把chazidian.com复制到QQ个人资料中！Lesson 31 The sculptor speaks [00:02.69]雕塑家的语言 [00:05.38]First listen and then answer the following question. [00:07.67]听录音,然后回答以下问题. [00:09.95]What do you have to be able to do to appreciate sculpture? [00:12.88]鉴赏雕塑必须具备什么能力? [00:15.80]Appreciation of sculpture [00:19.15]depends upon the ability to respond to form in 3 dimensions. [00:22.32]对雕塑的鉴赏力取决于对立体的反应能力. [00:25.50]That is perhaps why sculpture [00:29.13]has been described as the most difficult of all arts; [00:32.00]雕塑被说成是所有艺术中最难的艺术,可能就是这个道理. [00:34.87]certainly it is more difficult [00:36.95]欣赏雕塑品当然 [00:39.03]than the arts which involve appreciation of flat forms, [00:44.49]shape in only two dimensions. [00:46.56]比欣赏两维的平面艺术品要难. [00:48.64]Many more people are 'form-blind' than colour-blind. [00:51.60]"形盲"的人数比"色盲"的人数要多得多. [00:54.57]The child learning to see,first distinguishes only two-dimensional shape; [00:58.25]正在学看东西的儿童起初只会分辨二维形态, [01:01.94]it cannot judge distances,depths. [01:04.46]不会判断距离和深度. [01:06.98]Later,for its personal safety and practical needs,it has to develop [01:10.52]慢慢地,由于自身安全和实际需要,儿童必须发展 [01:14.06](partly by means of touch) the ability to judge roughly 3-dimensonal distances [01:17.99](部分通过触觉)粗略判断三维空间距离的能力. [01:21.92]But having satisfied the requirements of practical necessity, [01:24.65]但是,大部分人在满足了实际需要后, [01:27.38]most people go no further. [01:29.21]就不再继续发展这种能力了. [01:31.04]Though they may attain considerable accuracy in the perception of flat form, [01:34.46]虽然他们对平面形的感觉能达到相当准确的程度, [01:37.88]they do not make the further intellectual and emotional effort needed [01:40.91]但他们没有在智力和感情上进一步努力 [01:43.94]to comprehend form in its full spatial existence. [01:46.72]去理解存在于空间的整个形态. [01:49.51]This is what the sculptor must do. [01:51.63]而雕塑家就必须做到这一点. [01:53.76]He must strive continually to think of [01:55.98]他必须勤于想象 [01:58.20]and use,form in its full spatial completeness. [02:00.99]并且利用形体在空间中的完整性. [02:03.77]He gets the solid shape as it were, [02:05.99]可以说,当他想象一个物体时, [02:08.21]inside his head--he thinks of it,whatever its size, [02:11.19]不管其大小,他脑子里得到的是一个立体概念 [02:14.16]as if he were holding it completely enclosed in the hollow of his hand. [02:17.09]就好像完全握在自己手心里一样. [02:20.02]He mentally visualizes a complex form from all round itself; [02:23.33]他的大脑能从物体周围的各个角度勾画出其复杂的形象, [02:26.65]he knows while he looks at one side what the other side is like [02:29.52]他看物体的一边时,便知道另一边是个什么样子. [02:32.40]he identifies himself with its centre of gravity,its mass,its weight; [02:36.17]他把自身和物体重心、质量、重量融为一体. [02:39.95]he realizes its volume as the space that the shape displaces in the air. [02:43.63]他能意识到物体的体积,那就是它的形状在空气中所占的空间. [02:47.31]And the sensitive observer of sculpture [02:49.34]因此,敏锐的雕塑观赏者 [02:51.36]must also learn to feel shape simply as shape, [02:54.04]也必须学会把形体作为形体来感觉, [02:56.72]not as description or reminiscence. [02:59.10]不要靠描述和印象去感觉 [03:01.47]He must,for example,perceive an egg as a simple single solid shape [03:05.01]以鸟蛋为例,观赏者必须感觉到它是一个单一的实体形态, [03:08.55]quite apart from its significance as food, [03:10.62]而完全不靠它的食用意义 [03:12.68]or from the literary idea that it will become a bird. [03:15.80]或它会变成鸟这样的文学概念来感觉. [03:18.92]And so with solids such as a shell, [03:21.44]对于其他实体,如贝壳, [03:23.96]a nut,a plum,a pear,a tadpole,a mushroom, [03:27.60]核桃,李子,梨子,蝌蚪,蘑菇, [03:31.23]a mountain peak,a kidney,a carrot,a tree-trunk,a bird,a bud, [03:35.95]山峰,肾脏,胡萝卜,树干,鸟儿,花蕾, [03:40.68]a lark,a ladybird,a bulrush,a bone. [03:44.10]云雀,瓢虫,芦苇及骨头也应这样来感觉. [03:47.53]From these he can go on to appreciate more complex forms