[by:英语听力网|http://yingyu.chazidian.com||查字典英语网] [00:00.00]喜欢chazidian.com，就把chazidian.com复制到QQ个人资料中！Lesson 21 William S.Hart and the early 'Western' film [00:03.75]威廉.S.哈特和早期的"西部"影片 [00:07.50]First listen and then answer the following question. [00:09.82]听录音,然后回答以下问题. [00:12.15]How did William Hart's childhood prepare him for his acting role in Western films? [00:15.92]威廉.哈特的童年时代为他在西部电影中扮演角色奠定了什么基础? [00:19.70]William S.Hart was,perhaps,the greatest of all Western stars, [00:23.08]威廉.S.哈特大概是美国西部电影明星中的佼佼者. [00:26.46]for unlike Gary Cooper and John Wayne he appeared in nothing but Westerns. [00:30.15]他和加里.古柏和约翰.韦恩不同,他只在西部电影中扮演角色. [00:33.83]From 1914 to 1924 he was supreme and unchallenged. [00:37.76]在1914年至1924年期间,他首屈一指,独霸影坛. [00:41.69]It was Hart who created the basic formula of the Western film, [00:45.02]正是哈特创造了西部电影的基调, [00:48.35]and devised the protagonist he played in every film he made, [00:51.44]即在他自己拍摄的影片中他所塑造的主人公的形象: [00:54.52]the good-bad man,the accidental-noble outlaw, [00:57.48]被认为是坏人的好人,出人意料的高尚的逃犯, [01:00.45]or the honest-but-framed cowboy,or the sheriff made suspect by vicious gossip; [01:04.42]诚实却遭陷害的牛仔,或因流言蜚语蒙受嫌疑的司法官. [01:08.39]in short,the individual in conflict with himself and his frontier environment. [01:11.92]总之,主人公是一个自相矛盾,又与他的拓荒环境相矛盾的人物. [01:15.44]Unlike most of his contemporaries in Hollywood, [01:17.73]哈特与大部分同时代在好莱坞的演员不同, [01:20.01]Hart actually knew something of the old West. [01:22.34]他确实了解西部早期拓荒生活的一些情况. [01:24.66]He had lived in it as a child when it was already disappearing, [01:27.69]作为一个孩子他曾在西部生活过,当时西部拓荒生活正在消失. [01:30.72]and his hero was firmly rooted in his memories and experiences, [01:33.86]他塑造的英雄人物深深地扎根于他本人的记忆和经历之中, [01:36.99]and in both the history and the mythology of the vanished frontier, [01:40.17]也扎根于有关已经消失的拓荒生活的历史和神话之中. [01:43.34]And although no period or place in American history [01:45.82]虽然美国历史上没有任何时期或地区比西部拓荒时期 [01:48.30]has been more absurdly romanticized, [01:50.48]更荒谬地被浪漫主义化 [01:52.67]myth and reality did join hands in at least one arena, [01:56.05]但神话和事实至少在某一个舞台上共存, [01:59.43]the conflict between the individual and encroaching civilization. [02:02.66]也就是存在于个人与渐渐闯入的文明这两者的冲突之中. [02:05.88]Men accustomed to struggling for survival against the elements and Indians [02:09.21]习惯与大自然和印第安人作斗争以求生存的拓荒者 [02:12.55]were bewildered by politicians,bankers and businessmen, [02:15.52]被政客、银行家和商人搞得晕头转向, [02:18.50]and unhorsed by fences,laws and alien taboos. [02:21.69]最后被圈地法律和外来清规戒律击败. [02:24.88]Hart's good-bad man was always an outsider,always one of the disinherited, [02:28.75]哈特扮演的被误认为坏人的好人总是一个局外人,一个被剥夺继承权的人, [02:32.63]and if he found it necessary to shoot a sheriff or rob a bank along the way, [02:35.96]如果他认为在进行过程中有必要枪击一个司法官或抢劫一个银行, [02:39.29]his early audiences found it easy to understand and forgive, [02:42.26]他的早期观众很容易接受,觉得应原谅他, [02:45.22]especially when it was Hart who,in the end,overcame the attacking Indians. [02:48.91]特别是当哈特最后战胜了前来进攻的印第安人时,观众更能原谅他. [02:52.59]Audiences in the second decade of the twentieth century [02:55.26]生活在20世纪20年代的观众认为, [02:57.92]found it pleasant to escape to a time when life, [03:00.34]逃到一个即使艰苦但比较简朴的时代中去 [03:02.75]though hard,was relatively simple. [03:04.93]是件愉快的事, [03:07.12]We still do;living in a world in which undeclared aggression,war,hypocrisy, [03:11.28]我们今天仍有这种感觉.如今,不宣而战的侵略、战争、虚伪、 [03:15.45]chicanery,anarchy and impending immolation are part of our daily lives, [03:19.42]诈骗、无政府状态以及即将临头的毁灭成了我们日常生活的一部分, [03:23.39]we all want a code to live by.