[by:英语听力网|http://yingyu.chazidian.com||查字典英语网] [00:00.00]喜欢chazidian.com，就把chazidian.com复制到QQ个人资料中！Lesson 16 The modern city [00:02.74]现代城市 [00:05.49]First listen and then answer the following question. [00:08.07]听录音,然后回答以下问题. [00:10.66]What is the author's main argument about the modern city? [00:13.64]作者关于现代城市的主要论点是什么? [00:16.61]In the organization of industrial life [00:18.80]在工业生活的组织中, [00:20.98]the influence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers [00:24.52]工厂对工人的生理和精神状态的影响 [00:28.06]has been completely neglected. [00:29.82]完全被忽视了. [00:31.58]Modern industry is based on the conception [00:34.10]现代工业的基本概念是: [00:36.62]of the maximum production at lowest cost, [00:38.95]以最低成本获取最多产品, [00:41.27]in order that an individual or a group of individuals [00:44.06]为的是让某个个人或一部分人 [00:46.84]may earn as much money as possible. [00:49.11]尽可能多地赚钱. [00:51.38]It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings [00:54.66]现代工业发展起来了,却根本没想到操作机器的人的本质. [00:57.94]who run the machines, and without giving any consideration [01:00.97]工厂毫不顾及 [01:04.00]to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants [01:07.08]会给工人及其后代带来何种影响 [01:10.16]by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory. [01:13.20]而把一种人为的生存方式强加给工人. [01:16.23]The great cities have been built with no regard for us. [01:18.96]大城市的建设毫不关心我们. [01:21.68]The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers [01:24.02]摩天大楼的形状和尺寸 [01:26.36]depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, [01:30.54]完全取决于每平方英尺地皮取得最大收入 [01:34.72]and of offering to the tenants offices and apartments that please them. [01:37.84]以及向租房人提供使他满意的办公室和住房这两种需要. [01:40.96]This caused the construction of gigantic buildings [01:43.78]这样就导致了许多摩天大厦拔地而起, [01:46.61]where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. [01:49.84]大厦内众多的人挤在一起 [01:53.08]Civilized men like such a way of living. [01:55.42]文明人喜欢这样一种生活方式. [01:57.76]While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, [02:00.69]在享受自己住宅的舒适和庸俗的豪华时, [02:03.61]they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life. [02:06.69]却没有意识到被剥夺了生活所必需的东西. [02:09.78]The modern city consists of monstrous edifices [02:12.35]现代化的城市的组成部分有大得吓人的高楼 [02:14.92]and of dark,narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, [02:18.34]和阴暗狭窄、充斥着汽油味和有毒气体的街道, [02:21.77]torn by the noise of the taxicabs,lorries and buses, [02:24.80]街道上出租汽车,卡车,公共汽车的噪音刺耳难忍 [02:27.83]and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds. [02:30.71]络绎不绝的人群挤来挤去 [02:33.60]Obviously,it has not been planned for the good of its inhabitants. [02:36.38]显然,现代化的城市不是为居民的利益而规划的. [02:39.16]Lesson 17 A man-made disease [02:43.13] 人为的疾病 [02:47.11]First listen and then answer the following question. [02:49.69]听录音,然后回答以下问题. [02:52.28]What factor helped to spread the disease of myxomatosis? [02:55.36]什么因素助长了多发性粘液瘤疾病的蔓延? [02:58.44]In the early days of the settlement of Australia, [03:00.72]在澳大利亚移民初期, [03:02.99]enterprising settlers unwisely introduced the European rabbit. [03:06.21]一些有创业精神的移民不明智地把欧洲兔子引进了澳大利亚. [03:09.44]This rabbit had no natural enemies in the Antipodes, [03:12.26]这种兔子在澳大利亚及新西兰没有天敌, [03:15.08]so that it multiplied with that promiscuous abandon characteristic of rabbits. [03:17.96]因此便以兔子所特有的杂乱交配迅猛繁殖起来. [03:20.83]It caused devastation by burrowing and by devouring the herbage [03:24.21]它们在地下打洞, [03:27.60]which might have maintained millions of sheep and cattle. [03:30.02]吃掉本可以饲养数百万头牛羊的牧草,造成毁灭性的破坏. [03:32.45]Scientists discovered that this particular variety of rabbit [03:35.24]科学家们发现,这种特殊品种的兔子