2015职称英语语法之条件状语从句指导
条件状语从句:分真实条件句和非真实条件句(虚拟语气)
重点:在条件(时间)状语中,用一般时代替将来时(可参见时间状语从句例子)
虚拟语气(见第六讲)
主要连接词:
(1)if / unless (除非 = if not 如果不)
例如:
Children should not be taken into the room of a very sick person ______ there is some special reason for it.
A.except B. besides C. unlessD.whereas
解题思路:根据上面说过的连接原则,这里必须是一个连接词,而A,B都是介词,因此正确答案只能在C,D中选。whereas意为而,故正确答案为C.(不应把儿童带到重病人房间,除非有某种特殊原因。)
(2)provided / on condition that (跟句子) (如果)知道这也是连接词就可以了,一般说,当考题中出现这种词时,应倾向选择。
3) 原因状语从句:
主要连接词:because/ since / as
要点:不要把连接词 because与介词短语because of ( + 名词或-ing形式) 相混淆;
不要把表示原因的since与表示时间的since自从相混淆;
不要把表示原因的as与表示时间的as随着相混淆;
顺便提一下, because表示直接因果关系,而since, as 是对事实的说明,主句和从句之间并不一定具有因果关系。
例如:
As you are already 18 years old, you should know what to do and what not to do. (你已经18岁了,应该知道什么该干什么不该干。)
这个句子用because连接就不太合适。好在军队职称考试中并不要求作这种分辨。
for 注意:一般只能放在主句后面,即主句 + for从句,例如:
He must have gone to bed, for it is too late. (他肯定已经睡了;现在已经很晚了。) 该句不能用because
now that / seeing that / considering that (由于)
Seeing that this problem was settled, they proceeded to the next one.(鉴于这个问题已经解决,他们开始进行下一个问题。)
in that(在于)一般放在主句后面,例如:
Humans are superior to animals in that they can use languages as a tool to communicate. (人比动物高等,因为人能以语言作为工具进行交际。)
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