有一块寓学于嘻的天地往往为英语自学者所忽视。这块天地就是发表在英语刊物边边角角里的英语绕口令、谜语和幽默。任何语言大致都有三个层次:语音、词汇和语法。狭义而言,学习语言实际上就是要掌握语言的这三个层次。而英语绕口令。谜语和幽默对于英语的每个层次都有涉及,堪称英语自学者的良师益友。
许多同学在学习英语语音的时候,往往受方言的影响,发不准这个或那个音素。要纠正这些发得不准的音,练习绕口令无疑是一种有趣并且有效的方法。
Eg. She sels seashells on the seashore.
Eg. Six silly sleepers slept softly on silk sheets.
绕口令是可以自编的,从词典中找出一些含有同音素的词来构成一句有趣的句子即成。
有些英语谜语也有助于我们掌握语音。
Eg. What two letters mean nothing?
答案是MT。MT的发音是[emti:],酷似empty的发音。这则谜语不仅帮助我们学会并且记牢empty 的发音,也可以加深我们对于失去爆破现象的理解。
能够说明词汇问题的谜语,幽默可谓俯抬皆是,给我们提供的帮助也是多方面的。
1.拼写:
What is the smallest room in the world? 答案是a mushroom。这则谜语帮助我们记住 mushroom(蘑菇)的拼写,因为这单词有一部分是room。
A: Which seven-lettered word has three us in it?
B: I dont know. But it must be unusual.
B没猜着却说对了。这种戏剧性的幽默会使我们记住unusual的拼写中有三个u。
2.同音异形词:
Peter:Tom,why do you prefer a pear to an apple?
Tom: Because it takes two apples to make a pair(pear).
3.一词多义:
Teacher:Tom, how many states are there in the US?
Tom: Fifty.
Teacher:Enumerate them.
Tom: One, two, three, ...
enumerate既有数、点的意思,又有枚举、列举 的意思。
4.习惯用法:
Teacher: Jim,why cant we lose our heads?
Jim: If we lose our heads, we will have nothing to put our hats on.
to lose ones head当作成语用时,意思是失去理智,惊慌失措,只有了解这一点,才能明白此中幽默所在。
谜语、幽默说明语法问题的也不乏其例。例如:
The Mother: My daughter has been learning piano lessons under you for quite a long time. What do you think of her execution now?
The pianist: That could be a nice thing to do.
execution既有演奏,又有处死刑的意思,而物主代词和它所限定的表示动作的名词之间既可以是
主谓关系,也可以是动宾关系,因此, her execution既可理解为她的演奏,也可理解为处她以死刑,显然,钢琴家理解的是后一种意思。又如:
Willy:I thought I told you to come after supper.
Milly:Thats what I come after.
Wiliy的本意是:我想我是让你晚饭后再来的。然而如果我们不把 after supper看作状语,而将come
after看作是表示寻求的词组,把supper看成这个动词词组的宾语,同样的一句话就会变为我想我是 让你来找晚饭吃的意思。显然,这里的幽默产生于对于句子结构的不同理解。
的确,英语绕口令、谜语、幽默对于英语自学的帮助是多方面的,充分地利用这块天地,寓学于嬉,定能收到事半功倍的效果。
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