1. affect 与 effect 均可表示影响,其区别是:前者是动词(及物),主要指一时的影响,着重影响的动作,可指一般意义的影响(不分好坏),也可指不良影响;后者是名词(可数或不可数),两者的关系大致为:affect=have an effect on。如:
To affect a policy is to have an effect on it. 影响一项政策就是对该政策具有一种影响。
The news did not affect her at all.=The news had no effect on her at all. 这条消息对她没有一点影响。
注:effect 有时虽用作动词(及物),但不表示影响,而表示实现或产生等。如:
They effected their escape in the middle of the night. 他们半夜逃脱了。
He effected great changes in the company. 他使公司发生了巨大的变化。
2. influence 表示影响,主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接的或潜移默化的影响。可用作动词(及物)或名词(通常不可数,但有时可连用不定冠词)。如:
What you read influences your thinking. 你读的东西对你的思想有影响。
Its clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso. 她的画显然受了毕加索的影响。
Television has a strong influence on people. 电视对人有很大的影响。
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