几组易混的形容词与副词的比较
一、 how long, how soon, how often 的比较
how long是问某个动作或状态延续了多久,用时间段来回答; how soon是问某个动词要过多久之后才发生或结束,用in+时间段来回答;how often是问某个动作每隔多久发生一次,或者一个单位时间里发生次数的多少,用次数+单位时间或usually, sometimes等来回答。如:
How________ can you finish the drawing?
A. often B. soon
C. long D. rapid
【分析】 答案选B。句意是:过多久以后你才能画完?
二、 no longer / more, not anylonger / more 的比较
表示时间上的不再,no more通常放在句末,且一般只与非延续性动词go, come, see, return等连用,一般不用于系表结构中;no longer和更口语化的notany longer / more既可与延续性动词连用也可与非延续性动词连用。如:
1. Will you give this message to Mr White, please?
Sorry, I cant. He________.
A. doesnt any more work hereB. doesnt any longer her work
C. doesnt work any more hereD. doesnt work here any longer
【分析】 答案选D。any longer / more要位于句末。
2. Excuse me, is this Mr Browns office?
Im sorry, but Mr Brown________ works here. He left about three months ago.
A. not now B. no more
C. not stillD. no longer
【分析】 答案选D。在行为动词前要用no longer。
注:①涉及到数量时用no more。如:There is no more bread on the plate. ②no more还可表示也不,相当于neither或nor。如:He couldnt lift the table and no more could I. 他拿不动那张桌子,我也拿不动。
三、 fairly, quite, rather, pretty 的比较
rather一般表示不合意,有时也可表示合意的;fairly表示令人满意的;pretty与very意思接近,可表示合意或不合意。值得注意的是:
1 . 与too或比较级连用只能用rather,如rather colder, rather too large,但quite better是个例外;
2 . quite和rather可位于冠词前,其它两个则不能;
3 . 表示完全,十分时要用quite。如quite agree,但不说quite disagree。
四、 much too, too much 的比较
much too就是too的强势语,用来修饰形容词或副词,意为太too much就是much的强势语,用来修饰不可数名词或动词,意为太多。如:
1. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was________ to carry all the way home.
A. much too heavy B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much D. too heavy much
【分析】 答案选A。heavy是形容词,应用副词too来修饰,而much too就是too的强势语。
2. It was________ late to catch a bus after the party, therefore we called a taxi.
A. too very B. much too
C. too much D. far
【分析】 答案选B。late是形容词,用much too修饰。
五、 nearly, almost 的比较
在肯定句中或者dont, doesnt, didnt之前,两者可互换,只是almost = very nearly。但是:
1 . 在not, very, pretty之后用nearly,不用almost。
2 . 在no, no one, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, never, any, too, impossible, think, believe, wish等前面用almost,而不用nearly。若是做选择题,只要记住在not, very, pretty之后用nearly外,一般选almost。如:
There isnt nearly enough time to learn all these words. 把这些词都学会,是间远远不够。
Almost no one believes her. 几乎没有人相信她。
六、 so, that, such 的比较
so是副词,后面一定是接形容词或副词;在口语中,常用that来代替so;such是形容词,后接名词,但在名词有表示多少的many, much, little, few时,要用so。如:
1. Can you believe that in________ a rich country there should be________ many poor people?
A. such; such B. such, so
C. so; so D. so; such
【分析】 答案选B。名词前用形容词such,such a rich country =so rich a country;在many前要用so。
2. Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always________ much to do.
A. such B. that
C. more D. very
【分析】 答案选B。much前用so, 不用such。口语中,常用that来代替so。
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