如何正确使用和区分 burned 与 burnt
1. 在美国英语中,动词 burn 为规则动词,其过去式和过去分词均为 burned;在英国英语中,动词 burn可以是规则的也可以是不规则的(即可用 burned和burnt)。所以当不考虑英国英语与美国英语的差别时,两者形式常可混用。如:
He burned [burnt] the old letters. 他把旧信烧掉了。
The house was burned [burnt] to the ground. 房子被烧成了灰烬。
2. 用于名词前作定语时,无论在英国英语还是美国英语中,通常都用 burnt。如:
Look at the burnt sugar. 瞧这烧焦了的糖。
He showed me his burnt finger. 他给看了它烧伤的手指。
He had a skin graft on the burnt leg. 他烧伤的腿上做了皮肤移植。
另外,作表语时也通常用burnt。如:
Your hand looks badly burnt. 你的手好像受了很重的烫伤。
3. 以上区别也适合于以下各组词:learned / learnt, spoiled / spoilt, smelled / smelt, dreamed / dreamt, spelled / spelt 等。如:
He learned [learnt] the poem at school. 他在学校学过那首诗。
I dreamed [dreamt] about flying last night. 昨晚我梦见我在飞翔。
作定语时通常都用不规则形式。如:
Stop acting like spoilt children! 别再像惯坏的孩子那样胡闹了。
Look at these misspelt words. 看看这些拼错的单词吧。
The spilt milk made a terrible mess on the carpet. 牛奶洒在地毯上弄得一塌糊涂。
特例:learned men 学者。
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