短文改错语言基础知识类复习、解题要领(一)
一、名词
(一)分清可数名词与不可数名词,可数名词有单复数形式,不可数名词没有复数形式。
(二)熟记可数名词的复数形式变化及常用的不可数名词。
(三)注意可数名词在句中的用法,要么在其前加a、an或the,要么用它的复数形式。
(四)不能混淆修饰可数名词的词与修饰不可数名词的词。(只能修饰可数名词的有 few,a few,many,a number of,只能修饰不可数名词的有little,a little,much,an amount of, a great deal of,两者都可修饰的有some,any,a lot of,plenty of,a quantity of,masses of)
(五)注意固定搭配中的单复数形式。
(六)并列结构中单、复数应一致。
练习:
下列各题均有一处错误,请改正。
1.My parents want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I'll get good marks in all my subject.
2.I once worked as night guard in a factory.
3.What a beautiful weather we are having recently!
4.More cattles have been raised on that farm since then.
5.If there are much more people in the world,there must be more food to feed people.
6.A little yards away stood an enemy with a gun in his hand.
7.Now Susan is paying visit to Henry's family in Sydney.
8.My husband went to a tailors'shop and had a pair of new trousers made.
9.Please give my best regard to your family.
10.Today if you go on board the ship or the plane,you will see signs and notice that will give you some useful information and warnings.
二、动词
(一)看句子结构。英语中每个句子都有谓语,且由动词来担任,所以不能没有谓语或把其它词性看作动词用作谓语,也不能把动词看作其它词性。
(二)时态。特别要注意动词的过去式,及过去分词的拼写。
(三)语态。英语中有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态,不及物动词没有被动语态。须熟记take place,happen,occur,break out,break forth,fall,rise,die,lie,appear等常见的不及物动词。
(四)一致。包括与前面主语人称和数的一致以及几个动词的结构一致。
(五)正确选用非谓语动词。
(六)不能错用动词。其中有一条是根据上下文的逻辑关系将这个动词改为它的反义词,譬如把go,arrive,open,borrow,take,sell依次改成come,leave,close,lend(return),bring(give),buy。
(七)注意固定搭配。
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