重难点词语精析
一、常用词语
1. exercise 意为习题;(书面)练习时为可数名词。例如:
Study the lesson, and then do the exercises at the end.
学课文,然后做后面的练习。
exercise 还可表示(体育或器官)运动;活动;锻炼,笼统指运动时为不可数名词;指具体某项运动时为可数名词。例如:
If you don't take / get more exercise, you'll get fat.
你不多锻炼就会发胖。
gymnastic exercises 体操运动
breathing exercises 呼吸运动
2. cover 意为盖,遮盖;采访,报道。例如:
The ruins were soon covered by thick forests.
废墟很快被茂密的树林所覆盖。
Reporters are then sent to cover the events.
然后记者被派去采访这个事件。
试体会 cover 在不同语境中的词义变化:
He covers 5 kilometers an hour.
他每小时行走 5 公里。
How many pages have you covered?
你已读完 / 讲完 / 学完多少页了?
The temple covers an area of 2,000 square meters.
这座庙宇的面积有 2000 平方米。
3. stop + sb + ( from ) doing 和 prevent + sb + ( from ) doing 意为阻止某人做某事,口语中常可省略 from ,但接被动形式时 from 不可省。例如:
There was nothing to stop / prevent him ( from ) going abroad.
(= There was nothing to stop / prevent his going abroad. )
没有什么事情可以阻止他出国。
Who stops / prevents his plan from being carried out?
是谁妨碍他执行计划?
另外, protect+ 宾+ from / against 还可表示保护。例如:
Finally another material is painted onto the stones which will protect them from water for ever.
最后,另一种材料被涂到石头上,这将永远阻止水对石头的侵害。
4. apologize ( to sb ) for doing sth 意为因做某事向某人道歉。相似的表达还有: thank /excuse / pardon / praise / for doing sth. 例如:
He apologize to me for stepping on my foot.
他为踩到我的脚而向我道歉。
5. devote to 意为把奉献 / 用于, devote 后可接表时间、精力等的名词; to 在此为介词,其后接名词、宾格代词和动名词,类似的有 refer to, pay attention to, stick to, get down to, attend to, see to 等。如:
She devoted herself to tennis in her teens.
少女时代她热衷于网球。
He devoted his whole life to protecting the wild animals.
他一生致力于保护野生动物。
二、常用句型
1. do / does / did +动词原形结构可以用来加强语气。例如:
And in the end he did land us safe.
最后他的确让我们安全登陆了。
Do be on time!
务必准时!
2. It is / was ( high ) time 意为该做某事了 / 到了该做某事的时候了,此结构要使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用过去式或 should + 动词原形形式。例如:
It is time that we got ready for the final examination.
该是我们为期末考试做准备的时候了。
It is time that we went / should go.
我们该走了。
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