相似短语辨析(1)
在英语中,有一些含有定冠词 the 和不含定冠词 the 的词组。这些词组仅仅是一个定冠词 the 的差别,但是它们表示的意义却不同。如:
He likes to sit in the front of the class.
他喜欢坐在教室的前排。
There is a pond in front of the house.
房屋前面有个池塘。
1. 词组 in the front of 和 in front of 都有在前面的意思,但含义不同。 in the front of 表示在(范围内的)前面;而 in front of 表示在(范围外的)前面。
2. at table 意为吃饭;进餐; at the table 意为在桌边。如:
He seldom talks at table.
他吃饭时很少说话。
We sat at the table, talking.
我们坐在桌边谈论。
3. go to school 意为开始求学;到校上课; go to the school 意为去学校(但不一定是上学)。如:
He usually goes to school by bike.
他通常骑自行车到校上课。
His mother often goes to the school to see him.
他的妈妈经常去学校看他。
4. in charge of ( =take charge of ),意为主管;看管;在看管之下,主语是人; in the charge of 意为负责管理;负责照料,主语是事物(物)。如:
Teacher Wang was in charge of our class.
王老师负责我们班级。
Our class was in the charge of teacher Wang.
我们班级由王老师负责管理。
5. at sight 意为一看见就,一般放在句末; at the sight of 意为在看到时,可放在名首或句末。如:
He plays music at sight.
他事先无准备地看谱演奏。
At the sight of the police officers the thief ran off.
小偷一看见警察就跑了。
6. go to sea 意为出航( =become a sailor )当水手; go to the sea 意为去海边。如:
When he was a boy, his greatest wish was to go to sea.
他小时候最大的愿望就是去当水手。
He went to the sea for a holiday.
他去海边度假了。
7. in case of 意为假使;如果;万一; in the case of 意为就来说。如:
In case of fire, ring the alarm.
如有火灾,按火警铃。
In the case of a physical change no new substance is formed.
就物理变化来说,没有新的物质产生。
8. other 意为另外的人或物,泛指; the other 意为(两个中的)另一个,特指。如:
Show me some others, please.
请给我看一些其它的。
I have two brothers. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.
我有两个兄弟,一个是老师,一个是医生。
9. people 指人;人们,是泛指;作民族解时复数为 peoples ; the people 指人民。如:
Ten people attended the meeting.
10 个人参加了这次会议。
Australians are the English-speaking people.
澳大利亚人是说英语的民族。
The people, and the people alone, are the motive force in the making of world history.
人民,只有人民,才是创造世界历史的主人。
10. out of question 意为毫无疑问; out of the question 意为不可能的;办不到的;不必谈的。如:
The victory is out of question.
胜利是毫无疑问的。
His coming is out of the question .
他不可能来。
11. last week ( month )指现在讲话时以前的那个星期(月); the last week ( month )指到今天为止的以前的一个星期(月)里。如:
I had a cold-last week.
我上星期感冒了。
I has had a cold for the last week.
我感冒了一个星期。
由以上的例子我们可以看出,不带定冠词 the 的类似词组表示一个统一的总的概念和意义,而带定冠词 the 的类似词组,具有限定和特指的功能。当然还有一些词组带或不带定冠词 the 具有相同意义,在学习过程中,都值得我们注意。
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