【导读】小编为大家整理高考英语语法大全:就近原则讲解,希望能对大家的英语学习有所帮助。
【就近原则】
也称邻近原则就近一致原则(Proximity),即:谓语与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在人称、数上一致。
1.在正式文体中:
1.由下列词语连接的并列主语:there be+句型; or ; either nor; neitherwhethernot not onlybut also 等。e.g.
①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。
②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。
③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你,而是你父亲该受责备。
④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了,他也错了。
2. 在倒装句中:谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。
e.g.
①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处,能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。
②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。
II. 非正式文体中:
有时依就近一致原则,但也可依意义一致原则或严格地依语法一致原则。e.g.
Neither she nor I were there (意义一致) 我和他当时都不在那儿。(非正式)
Neither she nor I was there .(就近一致)(译文同上句)(正式)
但是,如果依就近一致原则而与其他两项原则相矛盾时,则常常认为是不太合符规范的。e.g.
No one except his own supporters agree with him .仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见。(依就近和意义一致的原则;但语法上,No one 才是主语,谓语要改成agrees。写作中一般要依语法一致原则。
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