语法复习要有系统性。既不能走马观花,走过场,也不能按照语法复习资料照本宣科,如对虚拟语气的复习,我们就作了以下归纳:把虚拟语气大致分为四大类:
第一类,含有if引导的非真实条件状语从句的。
谓语形式
时间分类 从句 主句
现在 过去式(did) would +v.
过去 过去完成式(had done) would have done
将来 过去式(did)
were to + v.
should +v. should / would + v.
第二大类:在表示请求、命令、要求等词的从句中(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句,同位语从句),其从句的谓语用should + v,should一般可以省掉。如:advise, suggest, order, require, recommend, insist等。以suggest为例,a,宾语从句,He suggested that we (should) start early. b.同位语从句 He made a suggestion that we should start early. c.表语从句 His suggestion was that we should start early. d.主语从句 It was suggested that we should start early.
第三大类:固定句型。其共同特点是从句谓语动词用过去式表对现在或将来的虚拟,用过去完成式表对过去情况的虚拟,主要有:It is / was (about/ high) time that; would rather +从句;as if +从句,wish后的宾语从句;if only, 等。
第四大类:其它情况:如but for, without, otherwise等引起的虚拟语气,通过以上归纳整理学生对虚拟语气这个语法项目就不会混淆,知识有了系统化和网络化。
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