一、at+名词
He was at dinner when I came. 我来时他正在吃饭。
She stayed at work when everybody else had gone home. 别人都回家了,她却还在工作。
The country has been at war with its neighbour for three years. 这个国家与邻国交战已有三年了。
类似的还有:
at cards 在玩牌 at work 在办公
at play 在玩耍 at lunch 在吃中饭
at rest 在休息 at table 在吃饭
at school 在上学 at church 在做礼拜
at peace 和平时期 at press 正在排印
有些结构可能带有冠词或物主代词:
at ones meals 在吃饭 at ones study 在学习
at the piano 在弹钢琴 at the end (of) 在结束时
at the desk 在读书
二、in+名词
He is in the army. 他正在当兵。
Hes been in politics all his life. 他一生从政。
Her husband was in business. 她丈夫是经商的。
He looks tired. He is in need of a rest. 他看来很累了,需要休息一会儿。
类似的还有:
in action 在运转 in progress 在进行
in operation 在运行中 (from www.nmet168.com)
有些结构可能带有冠词:
in the course of 在过程中 in the act of 正在做时
三、on+名词
Are you here on business or for pleasure? 你是来办事还是来玩?
The typist is away on holiday this week. 打字员本周休假。
The man on watch didnt notice the danger. 值班的人没有注意到这危险。
We have so arranged matters that one of us is always on duty. 我们做了这种安排,以便我们总有一个人值勤。
类似的还有:
on guard 在值勤 on leave 在休假
on holiday 在度假 on strike 在罢工
on sale 出售 on loan 借贷
有些结构带有冠词:
on the boil 水正在开 on the move 在移动,搬迁,离开
on the march 在行军 on the watch 注意,提防
on the flow 在涨潮 on the turn 在转折中
on the increase 正在增加 on the go 正在活动,正在奔走
on the air 正在广播 on the fly 正在飞行
四、under+名词(名词前有时有冠词修饰)
Dont worry. Everything is under control. 别担心,一切都在控制之中。
That has no relation to the matter under discussion. 这和讨论的问题没有关系。
类似的还有:
under development 在发展中 under observation 在观察中
under test 在被测试 under construction 在建设中
under fire 在炮火中 under examination 在检查(调查)中
under consideration 在考虑中 under repair 在修理中
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