1. 形式上,非限制性定语从句往往用逗号隔开。
2. 语法上,非限制性定语从句一般不用that.
3. 语义上,限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密,起限定作用,如果去掉了这个定语从句,整个句子就不完整或者会改变意思;而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密,对先行词起补充说明或描述的作用。
This is the book I like best. 这就是我最喜欢的那本书。
Beijing, which has been Chinas capital for more than 800 years , is rich in cultural and historic relics. 北京是中国八百年之久的古都,它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产。
4. 翻译时,限制性定语从句可译为一句(较短的一般译为的字结构);而非限制性定语从句可译为两句。(见上句翻译)
比较: He has a sister, who is a musician.
He has a sister who is a musician.
引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词,指人时用who, whom, whose , 指物时用which , whose; 关系副词when,where, why, etc.
1. He studied hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life.
2. Toms father, who arrived just now, is a famous scientist.
3. They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.
4. He was proud, which his brother never was.
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