有些直接引语可由陈述句+问句、问句+命令句、命令句+陈述句这三种结构组成,或兼有三种句式。
A 通常每一部分都要求有各自的引导动词:
I dont know the way.Do you?he asked.
他问:我不知道路。你知道吗?相当于:
He said he didnt know the way and asked her if she did/if she knew it.
他说他不知道路并问她是否知道。
Someones coming,be said.Get behind the screen.
有人来了。他说,躲到屏风后面去!相当于:
He said that someone was coming and told me to get behind the screen.
他说有人来了,让我躲到屏风后面去。
Im going shopping.Can I get you anything?she said.
她说:我去买东西。给你捎点什么吗?相当于:
She said she was going shopping and asked if she could get me anything.
她说她去买东西,并问是否要为我捎点什么。
I can hardly hear the radio,he said.Could you turn it up?
我几乎听不见广播。他说,你能开大点儿声吗?相当于:
He said he could hardly hear the radio and asked her to turn it up.
他说他几乎听不见广播,还让她开大点儿声。
B有时,后一个从句的内容有助于说明第一句。这里可以用as代替第二个引导动词:
Youd better wear a coat.It s very cold out, he said.
他说:你最好穿件外衣。外面很冷。相当于:
He advised me to wear a coat as it was very cold out.
他劝我穿件外衣,因为外面很冷。
Youd better not walk across the park alone.People have been mugged there, he said.
他说:你最好不要单独一人从公园里穿行,已有人在那里被抢劫了。相当于:
He warnd her not to walk across the park alone as people had been muggd there.
他告诫她不要单独一人从公园里穿行。因为已经有人在那里被抢劫了。
C有时第二个引导动词可以是分词:
Please,please,dont drink too much!Remember that youll have to drive home,she said.
她说:求你了,别喝太多了!别忘了你还得开车回家呢。相当于:
She begged him not to drink too much,reminding him that hed have to drive home.
她恳求他别喝太多了,并提醒他还得开车回家。
Lets shop on Friday.The supermarket will be very crowded on Satur- day,she said.
她说:星期五去采购吧,星期六超级市场人太多了。相当于:
She suggested shopping on Friday,pointing out that the supermarket would be very crowded on Saturday.
她建议星期五去采购,还指出星期六超级市场人太多。
(as在以上两上例句中都可以使用。)
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