A询问或引用书籍、通知或新近接到的信件的内容时,常将一般现在时与动词say连用:
What does that notice say?
It says,No parking.
那通知说什么?
通知说:不准停放车辆。
What does the book say?
It says,Cook very slowly.
这本书说些什么?
书上说:要慢慢煮。
I see youve got a letter from Ann.What does she say?
She says she is coming to London next week.
我知道你收到安的来信了。她说了些什么?
她说她下周要来伦敦。
Shakespeare says,Neither a borrower nor a lender be.
莎士比亚说:既不要向人借钱,也不要借给人钱。
其他表示说话或交流意思的动词也可用一般现在时:
Shakespeare advises us not to borrow or lend.
莎士比亚劝我们既不要向人借钱也不要借钱给人。
A notice at the end of the road warns people not to go any further.
路的尽头处的通告警告人们不要再往前走。
B可用于报刊资讯等的标题:
MASS MURDERER ESCAPES残杀多人的凶手逃跑
PEACE TALKS FAIL和谈破裂
C用于戏剧性的叙述。在描述戏剧、歌剧等中的动作时极为有用。也常用于电台评论员、解说员对运动项目、公共集会等的报道中:
When the curtain rises,Juliet is writing at her desk.Suddenly,the win- dow opens and a masked man enters.
幕启时,朱丽叶正坐在桌旁写字。忽然,窗户开了,一个戴面罩的人走进来。
D表示计划好的将来行动或一系列行动,特别是指旅途中的行动。旅行社人员常这样用:
We leave London at 10∶00 next Tuesday and arrive in Paris at 13∶00.
We spend two hours in Paris and leave again at 15∶00. We arrive in Rome at 19∶30,spend four hours in Rome
下星期二上午10点我们离开伦敦,下午1点到达巴黎。在巴黎停留两小时,3点又离开巴黎;7点半到达罗马,并在罗马停留四小时
E那些不能够用现在进行时的动词如love,see,believe等,必须用一般现在时形式代替现在进行时形式,因此说I love you而不说I am loving you。
F用于条件句类型1:
If I see Ann Ill ask her
我如果见到安,就会问她。
Unless you take the brake off the car wont move.
除非你把煞车松开,否则车是动不了的。
G用于时间从句
(a)有一种例行公事的意思:
As soon as he earns any money he spends it.
他挣了钱就花。
She takes the boy to school before she goes to work.
她上班之前先把男孩送到学校。
(b)在主要动词是将来时的时候:
It will stop raining soon.Then well go out.相当于:
When it stops raining well go out.
雨很快就要停了。然后我们出去。
下一篇: 牛津实用英语语法:221 条件句类型1
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