A be going to 结构可以表示说话人确信如此。虽然通常不指出时间,但是说话人预期所说的动作不久或马上就要发生:
Look at those clouds!Its going to rain.
瞧那些乌云!快要下雨了。
Listen to the wind.Were going to have a rough crossing.
听这风声。我们横渡时一定很难。
be going to结构在动词be sure/afraid,believe,think之后都可以这样用:
How pale that girl is!I am sure/I believe/I think she is going to faint.
那女孩的脸色多苍白!我敢肯定/我相信/我想她就要昏倒了。
B 表示预测的be going to和表示将来可能性的 will之间的比较will是最常用的表示说话人认为、相信、希望、假定、害怕要发生的事情的方法(参见第209节A):
It will probably be cold./I expect it will be cold.
天气很可能冷。/我想天气会冷的。
Tomatoes will be expensive this year./Im sure tomatoes will be expen-sive.
今年西红柿会很贵。/我敢肯定西红柿会很贵。
因此 will和 be going to很相似,常常两者都可使用:
It will take a long time to photocopy all the documents.相当于:
It is going to take a long time to photocopy all the documents.
影印所有这些文件要花很长时间。
但二者之间存在以下两点区别:
1 be going to意指有迹象表明某件事将要发生,will则意指说话人认为/相信某件事将要发生。
2 be going to通常用来表示马上就要发生或相当快就要发生的事情;而will不指明任何具体时间,可以指遥远的将来。如The lift is going to break down(电梯就要出故障了)意指电梯正在发出奇怪的声音或运行失常,我们最好在下一层楼就下电梯。The lift will break down(电梯将会发生故障)意指将来某一时刻电梯要出故障(也许因为我们老是让它超载,或因为这是某一公司的电梯,不耐用)。同样情况下说到一个病人时,He is going to get better(他的病就要好起来)意指有恢复健康的迹象,也许他的体温下降了。He will get better(他的病会好起来的)意指对他的医生或对治疗有信心,是说他最终会恢复健康,而不是马上就恢复健康。
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