A have的基本含义是拥有:
He has a black beard.
他长着黑胡子。
I have had this car for ten years.
这辆车我已经买了十年了。
She will have£4,000 a year when she retires.
她退休后,每年将得到4,000英镑。
B 形式
注意否定式和疑问式可用两种形式构成。
C 为表示习惯动作,do与have连用:
-Do you have earthquakes in your country?
-Yes,but we dont have them very often.
-你们国家地震吗?
-有,但不经常。
have没有习惯的含义时,在英国更常用have not(got)/haveyou(got)这些形式,虽然其他说英语的国家(特别是美国)在这种场合也用带do的形式。
美国人可能说:
Can you help me now?Do you have time?
你现在能帮我吗?你有时间吗?
而英国人却多半要这么说:
Can you help me now?Have you got time?
因此用do的形式始终是稳妥的,但住在英国的外国学生也应该练习其他的形式。
D 如上所示,got可以加到have/have not/have you等结构中去而不引起含义上的变化,因此用不用它完全是随意的,但通常还是加got。然而got不能加到简略答语或附加疑问中去:
-Have you got an ice-axe?
-Yes,I have.
-你有破冰斧吗?
-是的,我有。
Shes got a nice voice,hasnt she?
她的嗓音很美,是吗?
have肯定式)接got时通常可以缩略:
Ive got my ticket.
我拿到票了。
Hes got a flat in Pimlico.
他在皮姆利科岛有一套房子。
这时句子重音在got上,而ve或s通常仅勉强能听到。have(肯定式)不和got连用时,常常不缩略,这时have和has就要读清楚。
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