牛津实用英语语法 75指物的限定性关系从句-查字典英语网
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牛津实用英语语法 75指物的限定性关系从句

发布时间:2016-02-29  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  A主语

  用which或that,而which较正式:

  This is the picture which/that cansed such a sensation.

  这就是那部轰动一时的电影。

  The stairs which/that lead to the cellar are rather slippery.

  通向地窖的楼梯相当滑。

  (另参见下面B。)

  B动词的宾语

  用which,that或干脆省略关系代词:

  The car which/that I hired broke down.或:

  我租用的那辆小汽车抛锚了。

  The car I hired

  一般在all,everything,little,much,none,no,由no构成的复合词及形容词的最高级形式之后很少使用which,而常用that。如果这个关系代词是动词的宾语时也可省略:

  All the apples that fall are eaten by the pigs.

  掉在地上的苹果都让猪吃了。

  This is the best hotel(that) I know.

  这是我所知道的最好的饭店。

  C介词的宾语

  规范的结构是介词+which,但通常都把介词移到从句的末尾,用关系代词which,that或干脆省去关系代词:

  The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.

  我脚下的梯子开始向下滑动。或:

  The ladder which/that I was standing on began to slip.

  The ladder I was standing on began to slip.

  D所有格

  可以用whose+从句这种结构,但通常是用with+短语这种结构来代替它:

  a house whose walls were made of glass用玻璃做墙的房子

  a house with glass walls(译文同上)

  E关系副词

  用when,where,why。

  注意:when可以代替用于指时间的in/on which:

  the year when(=in which)he was born他出生的那一年

  the day when(=on which)they arrived他们到达的那一天

  where可以代替用于指地点的in/at which:the hotel/where(=in/at which) they were staying他们当时住的旅店why可代替for which:

  The reason why he refused is

  他拒绝的理由是

  when,where和why有这种用法时叫做关系副词。

  

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