有些同学对于某些知识点还存在或多或少的疑问,下面我们给同学们做一下解析:
1.大家在本模块看到了几个带有train的句子,但是用法不尽相同,于是有的同学就有这样的疑问:train应该用主动语态还是被动语态呢?
a.I’m training with BIG,the Beijing International Globetrotters,for the School’s Basketball Competition.
b.But his coach Sun Haiping is making sure that he trains regularly.
c.Liu Xiang will go for more medals for China because he was trained for gold!
从上面的句子中,我们看到a、b两个句子中train用的是主动语态,而在句子c中train则使用了被动的结构。
这正体现了train作为及物动词和不及物动词的两个用法:作为不及物动词,train的意思是“锻炼、训练”,直接用主动语态,无被动形式,例如:
She trained as a pilot.她训练成为一名飞行员。
Brenda spends two hours a day training for the marathon.布伦达为了马拉松比赛每天训练两个小时。
Train还可以作为及物动词,后面要接宾语,通常所用的结构是train+obj.+to do,例如:
She spent a few years training teachers to use new technology.她花了几年的时间培训老师使用新技术。
train作为及物动词,当“训练,培养”的意思的时候有被动形式,例如:
These dogs are trained to detect explosives.这些狗受过训练,能搜索爆炸物。
2.在Unit1中,有这样的两个句子:
Lingling:What was the score?
Betty:All Stars 98 points to Globetrotters 52.
在上面的句子中,score和point都有“分数”的意思,那么二者之间有何区别呢?
Score是分数,比如一场比赛下来的总得分。
point是点数,比如一场篮球比赛中一个人进了一个三分球,可以说三个点,即three points。请看下面的例句:
Steve Jones is 15 points ahead.史蒂夫·琼斯领先15点。
The final score was Everton 2, Spurs 4.最后的进球数是埃弗顿队2个,热刺队4个。
3.在比赛中就会涉及输赢,那么我们该如何使用defeat和win呢?
Defeat和beat属于一组同义词,它们的宾语必须是“人”或一个集体,如:a team,a class,a school,an army等。如:
We beat/ defeated their team by 10 points.我们赢了他们队10分。
win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利,它常跟的宾语有:game,war, prize,fame,battle等。如:
He won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921.他在1921年获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。
How does it feel to have won the gold medal? 获得金牌的感觉如何?
4.在本模块出现了带有first的意思相近的短语,first of all 和at first,那么这两个短语之间有何区别呢?
First of all意思是“首先,第一”,used to introduce the first thing you are going to talk about用来介绍你要谈论的事情中的第一件,如:
First of all I’d like to welcome you to the meeting.首先,我要欢迎各位参加这次会议。
At first 意思是“开始时、起先、最初”in the beginning,例如:
Alice felt tired at first, but soon got used to the long working hours.爱丽丝起先感到累,但很快就适应了长时间的工作。
5.Stand for和represent在单词表中所给的中文意思都是“代表、象征”,但是这两个词的用法却不同。
Represent指“代表(某人,某团体)”,to speak officially for another person or group of people, giving their opinions and taking action for them,例如:
Mr. Green was chosen to represent the company at the conference. 格林先生被选为该公司出席会议的代表。
Represent还有另外一个意思“表现,象征”,to be a sign or symbol of something,例如:
This picture represents the Battle of Waterloo.这幅画描绘的是滑铁卢战役。
Stand for译为“代表,象征,意味着”是指用字母、数字或符号来表示一个单词,名字或是某个概念的缩写形式。例如:
GMT stands for Greenwich Mean Time.GMT表示格林尼治平均时间。
同学们,你们现在清楚这些单词和词组的用法了吗?掌握这些词(组)的用法不仅对我们做单项选择和完型填空题目中辨析类的题有所帮助,而且能够有助于避免我们在输出阶段出现Chinese English。
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