中考复习策略28
P?
paper ?
[误] Please give me two letter papers.?
[正] Please give me two sheets of letter paper.?
[析] paper作为纸讲为不可数名词。?
[误] Each student must write paper on what he learned.?
[正] Each student must write a paper on what he learned.?
[析] 这里的paper作为论文讲,是可数名词。paper的这种用法还可以用于证件、报纸、考卷等。
parent ?
[误] My parents and I are both interested in football.
[正] My parents and I are all interested in football.?
[析] parents即为父母、双亲,指两个人,加上自己为三个人,所以只能用all而不能用both.?
pass ?
[误] The ship pasted the channel.?
[正] The ship passed the channel.?
[析] pass为动词,而past则为副词,不要混淆,如: My father has been ill for the past two weeks. All the students passed the exam.?
pay ?
[误] Please help me do this job, and I will pay for you later.?
[正] Please help me do this job and I will pay you later.?
[析] 为某工作付给工人工资应为pay somebody, 而pay for something是为某物付款,如: You can buy all the things you want. I'll pay for those.?
people ?
[误] There are five hundred peoples here.?
[正] There are five hundred people here.?
[误] There is only one people.?
[正] There is only one person.?
[误] People there is friendly.?
[正] People there are friendly.?
[析] people作为人讲时为复数名词,如要讲一个人应用one person, 而不能用people, 讲若干人时用people而不能加s,这样的用法还有police(警察)等,这些概念用单数时要换其他的词. 如: people-a person; police-policeman policewoman; youth-a young man/woman.?
picture ?
[误] There are some spots in the picture.?
[正] There are some spots on the picture.?
[误] There is a young woman on the picture.?
[正] There is a young woman in the picture.?
[析] 指溅落在画面上的灰尘,污物是on the picture,即讲与画面内容无关的东西用on,而in the picture用于讲画面的内容。?
pity ?
[误] What pity that her mother must always suffer!?
[正] What a pity that her mother must always suffer!?
[析] pity作为遗憾之事讲常加不定冠词;但要注意作为同情、怜悯讲则不加冠词,为不可数名词,如: I feel pity for you. 它还可以用作动词,如: He pitied the poor people.?
[误] I have pity for you.?
[正] I have pity on you.?
[析] 可怜某人时应用have (take) pity on somebody,这是个惯用法。?
place ?
[误] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to another.?
[正] Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to place (from one place to another).?
[析] 到处译为英文时为from place to place请不要在place之前加冠词。这种用法在有些语法书中叫作零冠词用法,如:一户挨一户为door by door,手拉手为hand in hand.?
[误] The accident was taken place in that street.?
[正] The accident took place in that street.?
[析] take place为发生,它不能用于被动态,这样的词还有happen等。?
[误] There is no place in the bus.?
[正] There is no room in the bus.?
[析] room这里为不可数名词,意为空间,即没有地方了。place多指场所所在之地。
[误] I came here to take place of Mr Smith.?
[正] I came here to take the place of Mr Smith.?
[析] take the place of 意为代替、取代某人某事。
?
play ?
[误] Do you want to play guitar??
[正] Do you want to play the guitar??
[误] I like to play the bridge.?
[正] I like to play bridge(桥牌).?
[析] play作为玩讲时,在各种乐器前要加冠词,在各种体育运动前则没有冠词。?
please ?
[误] My friend pleased me to his birthday party yesterday.?
[正] My friend invited me to his birthday party yesterday.?
[析] please作为动词时其词义不是请,而是高兴、愿意等意,如: She always does what she pleases. (她总是想做什么就做什么。)又如: It's hard to please all. 而please作为请讲时为语气词,多用于祈使句中,如: Please come in.?
[误] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased to the little girl.?
[正] Both the teacher and the mother were pleased with the little girl.?
[析] 对某人表示满意、喜欢,应用be pleased with somebody. 对某事感到高兴和满意时多用be pleased at或about,但有时也可用with,却不能用of.?
pleasure ?
[误] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasures.?
[正] The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasure.?
[析] pleasure作为高兴、愉快、享乐、娱乐 讲时为不可数名词。?
[误] It is pleasure to work with you.?
[正] It is a pleasure to work with you.?
[析] pleasure作为一件或某件乐事、高兴之事讲时为 可数名词,如: It is one of my pleasures.?
police ?
[误] The police has not found the cause of the accident.
[正] The police have not found the cause of the accident.
[析] police为复数名词,它没有单数形式。如果要讲一个警察 要用a policeman,两个要用two policemen,或a policewoman, two policewomen.?
prepare ?
[误] I'm preparing the exam.?
[正] I'm preparing for the exam.?
[误] We'll return in time for you to prepare for dinner.
[正] We'll return in time for you to prepare dinner.?
[析] prepare既是及物动词,又是不及物动词。作及物动词时 其后面所跟的事物是正在 准备的;而作不及物动词时for后面的事物是目标。如: I'm preparing for the exam. 应
译为我正在为考试做准备。同样的用法还有search与search for.?
present ?
[误] Don't worry. I can present the meeting.?
[正] Don't worry. I can be present at the meeting.?
[析] present作为出席、在场讲时,是形容词而不应 用作动词。其动词意为 送给;赠给;提出,如: The reporter presented arguments of his idea.
? put
?
[误] She put off her red dress and put on the green one.
[正] She took off her red dress and put on the green on e.?
[析] 与put连用的介词很多,一般来讲on与off是一对相反的意 义的介词,如: turn on (打开),turn off(关上),穿衣服是put on,但脱衣服却只能用take off,而put o ff是推迟、使某人下车、关掉之意,如: They put off the exam because t he national holiday. (因国家假日而推迟考期。)Could you put me off at the Town Ha ll. (请在市政厅让我下车。)Please put off the wireless before you leave. (走之前 请关掉无线电。)?
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