1.A-A-A型(无变化的动词)
cut-cut-cut let-let-let hit-hit-hit put-put-put cost-cost-cost hurt-hurt-hurt read/rid/-read[red]-read[red]
2.A-A-B型(现在式和过去式同形)
beat-beat-beaten
3.A-B-A型(现在式和过去分词同形)
come-came-come
become-became-become
run-ran-run
4.A-B-B型(动词的过去式与过去分词相同)
(1)词尾的d变为t或词尾是n加t
build-built-built lend-lent-lent send-sent-sent spend-spent-spent
burn-burnt/burned-burnt/burned learn-learnt/learned-learnt/learned
mean-meant-meant
(2)把原形变为aught及ought的变化(如果原形有a则是aught,无a则是ought)
buy-bought-bought bring-brought-brought think-thought-thought
fight-fought-fought catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught
(3)eep变ept或过去式、过去分词含有/e/音的动词
keep-kept-kept sleep-slept-slept sweep-swept-swept leave-left-left
say-said-said meet-met-met spell-spelt-spelt
smell-smelt/smelled-smelt/smelled hold-held-held feel-felt-felt
(4)其他
dig-dug-dug find-found-found stand-stood-stood
understand-understood-understood get-got-got sit-sat-sat
spoil-spoilt-spoilt have/has-had-had sell-sold-sold tell-told-told hang-hanged/hung-hanged/hung hear-heard-heard make-made-made
pay-paid-paid lay-laid-laid lie(说谎)-lied-lied lose-lost-lost
shine-shone/shined-shone/shined win-won-won shoot-shot-shot
5.A-B-C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)
(1)in、im的变化(i-a-u型)
sing-sang-sung ring-rang-rung begin-began-begun
drink-drank-drunk swim-swam-swum sink-sank-sunk
(2)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词
①ow及aw的变化(过去式以ew结尾,过去分词以wn结尾)
draw-drew-drawn know-knew-known throw-threw-thrown
blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown fly-flew-flown
②元音是i的开音节的变化(过去分词以en结尾)
drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen ride-rode-ridden
write-wrote-written give-gave-given
③其他
see-saw-seen eat-ate-eaten take-took-taken fall-fell-fallen freeze-froze-frozen show-showed-shown break-broke-broken
speak-spoke-spoken wake-woke-woken choose-chose-chosen
forget-forgot-forgotten lie(躺,放)-lay-lain wear-wore-worn
be(am,is,are)-was/were-been
(3)其他
go-went-gone do-did-done
6.有过去式,没有过去分词的动词
can-could may-might must-must shall-should will-would
不规则名词复数形式
1.以-f或-fe结尾的名词变复数
(1)加-s,如:
belief-beliefs roof-roofs gulf-gulfs
(2)去f,fe加-ves,如:
half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves life-lives wolf-wolves
thief-thieves self-selves wife-wives shelf-shelves
歌诀记忆:树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄;妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮;架(shelf)后窜出一匹狼(wolf);就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)亡。这9个名词变复数时,都要改-f(e)为v,再加-es,其他的以-f(e)结尾的名词则直接加-s变复数。
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