中考英语语法:句子的种类-查字典英语网
搜索1
所在位置: 查字典英语网 >初中英语 > 中考英语 > 中考语法 > 中考英语语法:句子的种类

中考英语语法:句子的种类

发布时间:2016-02-29  编辑:查字典英语网小编

(一)句子种类概述 句子按种类可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 (二)基础知识梳理 1.陈述句 陈述句用来说明事实或表示说话人的看法。 1)陈述句的肯定形式。如: We are students. We must obey the traffic rules. We clean the room every day. 2)陈述句的否定形式 把陈述句改为否定句可以归纳为以下三种情况: (1)在be,have,will,shall(包括情态动词)后直接加not。如: We arent students. You neednt hand in your homework today. (2)在助动词do,does,或did后加not,再把它们放在行为动词前面,而行为动词用原形。如: We dont clean the room every day. (3)否定句可由其他形式表示。如句中出现no,nobody,few,little,neither,hardly,nor,never等。如: There are no books on the desk. I can hardly answer your question. Neither of the twins is a doctor. 2.疑问句 疑问句就是提出问题,让对方作出回答。英语中有四种疑问句,即一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。 1)一般疑问句 用于询问一个事实是否属实,其回答通常是Yes或No。其结构为: be,will,have,助动词+主语+(主动词)/宾语 如:Is she a university teacher? Will it be windy tomorrow? Did he take part in the maths contest yesterday? 2)特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句对句中某一特定部分提问,以特殊疑问词开头根据实际情况,不必用Yes或No回答。常见的特殊疑问词有what,who,whom,when,what,time,where,why,which,whose,how old,how many+可数名词复数,how much+不可数名词,how long,how far,how fast,how soon等。其结构为: 疑问句+一般疑问句语句 如:Who has lunch fastest at school in our class? What are you doing now? How long have you lived here? 3)选择疑问句 选择疑问句通常提供两种或两种以上情况,询问对方选择哪一种。回答时选择一种,不必用Yes或No。 一般疑问句+A or B 如:Is there any coffee or water in the cup? Do you often play basketball or play the piano? 特殊疑问句,A or B? 或A,B or C? 如:Which is the biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun? Which do you like better, the record or the ball? 4)反意疑问句 由两部分组成,前半句为陈述句,后半句是一个附着在前半句上的简短问句,回答时用Yes或No。它的构成和回答主要如下: (1)肯定陈述句+否定附加疑问部分? 如:They are interested in collecting stamps, arent they? 一Yes,they are. 是的,他们对集邮感兴趣的。 一No,they arent. 不,他们对集邮不感兴趣的。 (2)否定陈述句+肯定附加疑问部分? 如:Tom didnt pass the exam, did he? 一Yes,he did. 不,他通过考试。 一No,he didnt. 9是,他没通过。 3.祈使句 祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。 1)祈使句的肯定结构 如:Come in,please. Let me have a try. Lets go to the cinema together. 2)祈使句的否定结构是在动词前面加上dont, 如: Dont be late for school. Dont walk on the grass. 4.感叹句 1) 感叹句表达说话人说话时的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪。它常由what或how开头或引导。 感叹词What+强调部分(名词)+主语+动词谓语 如:What a mess picture it is! What an exciting film we saw yesterday! 2) 感叹词How+强调部分(形容词或副词)+主语+动词谓语 如:How wonderful the film is!(一)句子种类概述 句子按种类可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 (二)基础知识梳理 1.陈述句 陈述句用来说明事实或表示说话人的看法。 1)陈述句的肯定形式。如: We are students. We must obey the traffic rules. We clean the room every day. 2)陈述句的否定形式 把陈述句改为否定句可以归纳为以下三种情况: (1)在be,have,will,shall(包括情态动词)后直接加not。如: We arent students. You neednt hand in your homework today. (2)在助动词do,does,或did后加not,再把它们放在行为动词前面,而行为动词用原形。如: We dont clean the room every day. (3)否定句可由其他形式表示。如句中出现no,nobody,few,little,neither,hardly,nor,never等。如: There are no books on the desk. I can hardly answer your question. Neither of the twins is a doctor. 2.疑问句 疑问句就是提出问题,让对方作出回答。英语中有四种疑问句,即一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。 1)一般疑问句 用于询问一个事实是否属实,其回答通常是Yes或No。其结构为: be,will,have,助动词+主语+(主动词)/宾语 如:Is she a university teacher? Will it be windy tomorrow? Did he take part in the maths contest yesterday? 2)特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句对句中某一特定部分提问,以特殊疑问词开头根据实际情况,不必用Yes或No回答。常见的特殊疑问词有what,who,whom,when,what,time,where,why,which,whose,how old,how many+可数名词复数,how much+不可数名词,how long,how far,how fast,how soon等。其结构为: 疑问句+一般疑问句语句 如:Who has lunch fastest at school in our class? What are you doing now? How long have you lived here? 3)选择疑问句 选择疑问句通常提供两种或两种以上情况,询问对方选择哪一种。回答时选择一种,不必用Yes或No。 一般疑问句+A or B 如:Is there any coffee or water in the cup? Do you often play basketball or play the piano? 特殊疑问句,A or B? 或A,B or C? 如:Which is the biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun? Which do you like better, the record or the ball? 4)反意疑问句 由两部分组成,前半句为陈述句,后半句是一个附着在前半句上的简短问句,回答时用Yes或No。它的构成和回答主要如下: (1)肯定陈述句+否定附加疑问部分? 如:They are interested in collecting stamps, arent they? 一Yes,they are. 是的,他们对集邮感兴趣的。 一No,they arent. 不,他们对集邮不感兴趣的。 (2)否定陈述句+肯定附加疑问部分? 如:Tom didnt pass the exam, did he? 一Yes,he did. 不,他通过考试。 一No,he didnt. 9是,他没通过。 3.祈使句 祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。 1)祈使句的肯定结构 如:Come in,please. Let me have a try. Lets go to the cinema together. 2)祈使句的否定结构是在动词前面加上dont, 如: Dont be late for school. Dont walk on the grass. 4.感叹句 1) 感叹句表达说话人说话时的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪。它常由what或how开头或引导。 感叹词What+强调部分(名词)+主语+动词谓语 如:What a mess picture it is! What an exciting film we saw yesterday! 2) 感叹词How+强调部分(形容词或副词)+主语+动词谓语 如:How wonderful the film is!

点击显示

推荐文章
猜你喜欢
附近的人在看
推荐阅读
拓展阅读
  • 大家都在看
  • 小编推荐
  • 猜你喜欢
  •