为了方便同学们学习,提高同学们的学习效率,下面为大家整理了初三英语名词知识点:名词作定语形式及特点,供大家参考,希望对同学们的学习能有所帮助。
作定语的名词往往是说明中心名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。
作定语的名词有以下三种形式:
1.一般用单数形式。
a stone bridge 石桥
a meeting room 会议室
morning exercise 早操
London Airport 伦敦机场
a story book 故事书
a shoe shop 鞋店
2.man, woman要与所修饰的名词的单复数一致。
a woman teacher 一位女教师
two women teachers 两位女教师
3.sports, sales, clothes, goods, arts, customs等只用复数形式。
a sports meet 运动会
a goods train 货车
customs house 海关
a sales manager 营业主任
现从三个方面来讨论名词定语的特点:
一、名词定语的语法作用
1.代替作定语用的介词短语。
a garden chair=a chair in the garden.
Canada wheat=wheat from Canada.
safety regulations=regulations for safety.
machine shop practice=practice in a machine shop.
2.名词定语代替形容词或分词作定语。
race problemracial problem
China cottonChinese cotton
launch padlaunching pad
research workerresearching worker
在以上词例中,使用名词与使用形容词或分词并没有什么区别。
3.代替带s的所有格定语--在名词前加上定冠词the就可以代替名词的所有格,但是这个名词是专有名词。
the Tom composition=Toms composition
the Carter grin=Carters grin
4.代替定语从句。
investment money= money that is set apart for investment.
the milk boy= the boy who brings the milk.
二、名词定语与被修饰语之间的语义关系
作定语的名词都是后面一个名词的修饰语,但是它们之间的关系却各有不同。
1.名词定语表示逻辑上的主语,被修饰的词表示宾语。
a department decision(a decision which is made by the department)
the volcano eruption(the eruption that is made by the volcano)
有时正好相反,名词定语相当于宾语,而被修饰的部分表示主语:
a drug addict(a person who is addicted to drug)
an animal trainer(a man who trains the animal)
2.名词定语作状语,被修饰语相当于谓语。在这一类结构中,表示谓语的名词常由动名词或动作名词来充当。
impulse buying=buying on impulse
instrument flying=flying by means of instrument
3.名词定语表示同位关系。这种用法可以说明某人的职业、职位。
Judge Darling Singer Carpenter Cardinal Nelson.
还可以表示特征、身份:
a supplier country= a country which is a supplier
a killer shark= a shark who is a killer
her lawyer brother=her brother who is a lawyer
traitor and robber Dickinson=Dickinson
三、与同词根的形容词作定语时的区别
1. 在通常情况下,如果没有相应的派生形容词,原则上可直接用名词作定语,或与之构成合成词。
hair style 发型
tooth ache 牙疼
service counter 服务台
cat food 猫食
bank account 银行户头
car park 停车场
blood pressure 血压
birth control 生育控制
table tennis 乒乓球
labor force 劳动力
road works 道路工程
winter sports 冬季运动
2. 如果名词有相应的派生形容词,则要注意分清两者在意义上的区别。
(1) horror films 恐怖影片
horrible films 令人感到恐怖的影片
(2) a wonder book 一部充满奇事的书
a wonderful book 一部奇妙的书
(3) a stone path 一条石板路
a stony path 一条铺满碎石的路
下一篇: 初三英语名词知识点:名词的分类
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