1.用于某些动词表示不确定的过去时间
用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间。如:
John tells me you will leave tomorrow. 约翰告诉我你明天离开。
I hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。
Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。
It really gets me when he says those stupid things. 他说那些傻话真让我生气。
2. 用于生动地描述过去的故事或经历
当给人讲故事或叙述自己亲身经历的事情时,虽然有些事已成为过去,往往也使用现在时,以使叙述显得生动有趣。如:
Then the man in the mask pulls a revolverout of his pocket and raises it. I put up my hands. Then suddenly the man raises the mask and I see my best friend! It all was a joke. 随后那个戴假面具的人从口袋里掏出左轮手枪,举了起来。我举起了双手。这时那个人突然掀开了假面具,他原来是我最好的朋友。他是在跟我开玩笑哩。
3. 用于表示死者的言行
现在一般时可以表死者的动作或状态,如果死者的理论、著作仍旧存在并仍有影响的话,如:
Marx says that a foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. 马克思说外国语是人生斗争的武器。
Darwin thinks that natural select ion is the chief factor in the development of species. 达尔文认为自然淘汰是物种发展中的主要因素。
当死者(多指死后不久者)的动作与现在直接有关时,亦可用现在一般时,如:
He leaves a wife and two children. 他留下了一个妻子和两个孩子。 (he 刚死去)
人虽死但物犹在时,亦可用现在一般时,如:
In that letter she tells why she was up there. 在那封信里,她告诉我为什么她要上那儿去。 (she已死,但信犹在)
This memorial is placed hereby his friends and neighbours in testimony of respect, affection and gratitude. 这个纪念碑是他的朋友与邻居树立在此的,以表尊敬、爱戴和感激之意。 (他和他的朋友与邻居早已死去,但纪念碑仍在)
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