[第一类] 名词类
1. 这些女老师们在干什么?
[误] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men, women.
2. 房间里有多少人?
[误] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作人、人们解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。
3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。
[第二类] 动词类
4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?
[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。
5. 琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。
[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.
[析] 在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态:一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+ving形式构成。
6. 这双鞋是红色的。
[误] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。
[第三类] 代词类
7. 这张票是她的,不是我的。
[误] This is hers ticket. Its not my.
[正] This is her ticket. Its not mine.
[析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。
8. 吴老师教我们英语。
[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。
[第四类] 介词类
9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
[误] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英语中用the answer to 表示的答案。类似结构还有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。
10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。
[误] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析] 表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.
11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。
[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teachers daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teachers daughter.
[析] 用介词表示穿戴衣物时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。
[第五类] 副词类
12. 莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?
[误] Lily, why dont you go to home?
[正] Lily, why dont you go home?
[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。
[第六类] 连词类
13. 我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。
[误] I like Chinese and English, but I dont like P.E. and history.
[正] I like Chinese and English, but I dont like P.E. or history.
[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。
[第七类] 冠词类
14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。
[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析] 1.表示一家人用结构the + 姓氏复数
2.our 一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以一小时要用 an hour;
3.用介词by表示乘坐某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。
[第八类] 句法类
15. ――你不是学生吗? ――不,我是学生。
[误] ――Arent you a student? ――No, I am.
[正] ――Arent you a student? ――Yes, I am.
[析] 对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表不如果事实是否定的,就用No表是的。
2. 房间里有多少人?
[误] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作人、人们解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。
上一篇: 初中英语语法大全第一部分 词法(连词)
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In good nick 品质好、没有损坏
It takes two to tango 一个巴掌拍不响
India's sewer workers and British school standards 印度下水道工人施工安全,英国在校生学习成绩下降
Big Ben and gorilla surprise 维修大本钟,大猩猩生子
Phelps makes history and marine species 菲尔普斯创造历史,海洋新物种
Hot potato 棘手的问题“烫手山芋”
Darkness over Indonesia and the 'fifth Beatle' dies 印度尼西亚日全食,“第五位披头士”去世
California wildfires and cloned animals 加利福尼亚州野火,克隆动物衰老过程正常
Crash course 速成课
Zika virus and the A4 waist challenge 寨卡病毒,“A4腰挑战”
One good turn deserves another 以德报德,礼尚往来
To fall at the first hurdle 跌倒在第一关
Chelsea doctor and surfing in Australia 切尔西队医与球队和解,澳大利亚冲浪
Russian athletes and friendly robots 俄罗斯运动员服用兴奋剂,“合作机器人”
Close, but no cigar 几近成功
Going forward 从今往后
Diabetes warning and Queen at 90 糖尿病激增引忧, 英国女王90岁生日
Glass-bottomed bridge, cancer risk for HRT and 120-year-old man 世界最长玻璃桥开放,荷尔蒙替代疗法增患癌风险,印度教120岁僧人
To make a monkey out of me 捉弄我
There's method to my madness 我有一个不合常理的办法
Cosmonaut anniversary and wallaby internet star 宇航员周年纪念日,小袋鼠轰动互联网
Indian state introduces 'fat tax' 印度一省拟征收“脂肪税”
To lie through your teeth 睁眼说瞎话
Until I'm blue in the face 任凭你磨破嘴皮
To turn something upside down 把……翻个底朝天
You're pulling my leg! 你在愚弄我!
Brexit and Hockney's art 英国脱欧公投后进展,大卫·霍克尼艺术展
Antibiotics and escalator etiquette 美国人过多使用抗生素,伦敦地铁扶梯礼仪
The cost of protecting the environment, Juno space probe 保护环境付出的代价,“朱诺”木星探测器
Art and football 海底发现文物,莱斯特城足球俱乐部曼谷庆功