中考英语误区三 误用语言规则-查字典英语网
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中考英语误区三 误用语言规则

发布时间:2016-02-29  编辑:查字典英语网小编

误区三 误用语言规则

1. 表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、数量等名词作主语

①Ten years are quite a long time. (×)

②Ten years is quite a long time. (√)

[解析] 表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、数量等名词的复数作主语时看作一个整体,谓语动词要用单数,容易错误理解为复数而出现第①句的错误。

2. 由and连接的并列主语

①The twentieth lesson and last lesson are very easy for students. (×)

②The twentieth lesson and last lesson is very easy for students. (√)

[解析] the twentieth lesson and last lesson是表示同一概念,译为“第20课即最后一课”,因此谓语动词应该用单数。同学们容易错误理解“第20课和最后一课”,如果表示两课,应该表达为“the twentieth lesson and the last lesson”。

特别提醒 由and连接的并列主语表示同一概念时,谓语动词用单数,表示不同的概念时谓语动词用复数。

3. 就近原则

①Neither you nor he have been to Beijing. (×)

②Neither you nor he has been to Beijing. (√)

[解析] neither . . . nor连接的并列主语(you , he)虽然表示两个人,但根据语言规则,当它连接并列主语的时候,谓语动词根据就近原则,该由he决定,因此第②句正确。

特别提醒 类似的还有either . . . or,not only . . . but also,not . . . but,以及there be之后的并列主语,谓语动词的确定都根据“就近原则”。

4. this kind of,a piece of,this pair of等短语作主语

①This pair of trousers are very new, but Tom’s trousers are very old. (×)

②This pair of trousers is very new, but Tom’s trousers are very old. (√)

[解析] trousers作主语时,谓语动词用复数,但当它被this pair of修饰时谓语动词由pair的单复数确定。因此第②句正确。

特别提醒 this kind of,a piece of,a bag of,a box of等,这类短语作主语时谓语动词的单复数由这些短语中的名词决定,而与它们所修饰的名词无关。

5. the rest of, half of等短语作主语

①Half of the students have finished most of the work. The rest of it are very difficult. (×)

②Half of the students have finished most of the work. The rest of it is very difficult. (√)

[解析] 根据句意和句子结构可以判断the rest of it中的it,指the work,而work是不可数名词,因此第②句正确。

特别提醒 all of,most of,half of,the rest of,以及a lot of,some,any+名词作主语时,要根据后面的名词确定谓语动词的单复数。

6. 一句话提示

①合成不定代词(如something,anybody等)作主语,谓语动词用单数;

②动名词、不定式、从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数;

③a number of +名词(复)作主语,谓语用复数,the number of +名词(复)作主语,谓语用单数;

④none of . . . 作主语时,谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数。

金题精练

根据句意,从所给出的选项中选出最佳答案。

1. The news _____ very worth listening to.

A. be B. is C. are D. am

2. —_____ this pair of glasses yours?

—No. My glasses _____ on the desk.

A. Is, is B. Are, is C. Is, are D. Are, are

3. The old _____ taken good care of in China now.

A. was B. are C. is D. were

4. Nobody except the twins ___ to Hongkong before.

A. have been B. have gone

C. has been D. has gone

5. —What’s on the plate?

—There _____ some rice on it.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

6. Five years _____ since we met last.

A. have passed B. has past

C. has passed D. have pasted

7. Here _____ some flowers for you.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

8. There __________ a number of teachers, but the number of women teachers ________ only thirty.

A. are, are B. are, is C. is, are D. is, is

9. Not only my uncle but also my parents _______ I am right.

A. think B. thank C. thinks D. are thinking

10. Doing morning exercises _____ good for our health.

A. be B. are C. is D. am

11. Everyone likes people who _____ ready to help others.

A. is B. are C. being D. was

12. The Smith family _____ making dumplings in the kitchen.

A. is B. are C. has been D. can

13. One third of the population in our city ______ farmers in the past.

A. are B. were C. is D. was

14. The headmaster and the teacher ______ coming to us now.

A. are B. is C. will D. am

15. Tom as well as his friends _____ skating every Saturday.

A. are B. is C. go D. goes

(Keys: 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D)

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